Wheel torque distribution optimization of four-wheel independent-drive electric vehicle for energy efficient driving

Junnian Wang; Shoulin Gao; Kai Wang; Yan Wang; Qingsong Wang

doi:10.1016/j.conengprac.2021.104779

Wheel torque distribution optimization of four-wheel independent-drive electric vehicle for energy efficient driving

Junnian Wang, Shoulin Gao, Kai Wang, Yan Wang, Qingsong Wang

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

18 Citations (Scopus)

7 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

With the help of several in-wheel motors, four-wheel independent-drive electric vehicle (4WIDEV) has tremendous potential to improve vehicle performance. Except for the theme of stability enhancement during the past two decades, energy saving topic becomes more attractive recently. However, it is difficult to achieve stability and economy performance simultaneously. Given the commonly used control method of rigid yaw rate tracking may limit the energy saving potential of 4WIDEV in cornering. Therefore, be different from previous studies which often focus on a sole target, in this paper, a driving energy management strategy for 4WIDEV based on multi-objective online optimization of four-wheel torque distribution is proposed in this paper, which includes weighted yaw rate tracking error into its parameterized control objectives besides electric drive system efficiency, tire slip losses and wheel torque ripple. Meanwhile, for better coordination of stability and economy in different situation, fuzzy logic control is adopted to dynamically adjust the weight of the control objective indexes of the proposed multi-objective online optimization function. Then, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted to solve the optimization function. Finally, the proposed strategy for energy-efficient driving is verified based on the built Simulink and CarSim co-simulation model. The results show that the proposed four-wheel torque distribution strategy based on the multi-objective online optimization is more effective than average distribution strategy and offline optimization strategy.

Original language	English
Article number	104779
Number of pages	14
Journal	Control Engineering Practice
Volume	110
Early online date	2 Mar 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2021.104779
Publication status	Published - May 2021

Bibliographical note

© 2021, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.

This document is the author’s post-print version, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer-review process. Some differences between the published version and this version may remain and you are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it.

Funder

The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51875235 ), Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan-International Science and Technology Cooperation Project, China (Grant No. 20180414011GH ) and the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China (Grant No. 2020-JCXK-24 ) for their funding support.

Keywords

Electric vehicle
Energy efficiency
Independent drive
Multi-objective
Online optimization
Torque distribution control

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Control and Systems Engineering
Computer Science Applications
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Applied Mathematics

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.conengprac.2021.104779

Post-PrintAccepted author manuscript, 2.54 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

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title = "Wheel torque distribution optimization of four-wheel independent-drive electric vehicle for energy efficient driving",

abstract = "With the help of several in-wheel motors, four-wheel independent-drive electric vehicle (4WIDEV) has tremendous potential to improve vehicle performance. Except for the theme of stability enhancement during the past two decades, energy saving topic becomes more attractive recently. However, it is difficult to achieve stability and economy performance simultaneously. Given the commonly used control method of rigid yaw rate tracking may limit the energy saving potential of 4WIDEV in cornering. Therefore, be different from previous studies which often focus on a sole target, in this paper, a driving energy management strategy for 4WIDEV based on multi-objective online optimization of four-wheel torque distribution is proposed in this paper, which includes weighted yaw rate tracking error into its parameterized control objectives besides electric drive system efficiency, tire slip losses and wheel torque ripple. Meanwhile, for better coordination of stability and economy in different situation, fuzzy logic control is adopted to dynamically adjust the weight of the control objective indexes of the proposed multi-objective online optimization function. Then, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted to solve the optimization function. Finally, the proposed strategy for energy-efficient driving is verified based on the built Simulink and CarSim co-simulation model. The results show that the proposed four-wheel torque distribution strategy based on the multi-objective online optimization is more effective than average distribution strategy and offline optimization strategy.",

keywords = "Electric vehicle, Energy efficiency, Independent drive, Multi-objective, Online optimization, Torque distribution control",

author = "Junnian Wang and Shoulin Gao and Kai Wang and Yan Wang and Qingsong Wang",

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year = "2021",

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doi = "10.1016/j.conengprac.2021.104779",

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AU - Wang, Junnian

AU - Gao, Shoulin

AU - Wang, Kai

AU - Wang, Yan

AU - Wang, Qingsong

N1 - © 2021, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. This document is the author’s post-print version, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer-review process. Some differences between the published version and this version may remain and you are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it.

PY - 2021/5

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N2 - With the help of several in-wheel motors, four-wheel independent-drive electric vehicle (4WIDEV) has tremendous potential to improve vehicle performance. Except for the theme of stability enhancement during the past two decades, energy saving topic becomes more attractive recently. However, it is difficult to achieve stability and economy performance simultaneously. Given the commonly used control method of rigid yaw rate tracking may limit the energy saving potential of 4WIDEV in cornering. Therefore, be different from previous studies which often focus on a sole target, in this paper, a driving energy management strategy for 4WIDEV based on multi-objective online optimization of four-wheel torque distribution is proposed in this paper, which includes weighted yaw rate tracking error into its parameterized control objectives besides electric drive system efficiency, tire slip losses and wheel torque ripple. Meanwhile, for better coordination of stability and economy in different situation, fuzzy logic control is adopted to dynamically adjust the weight of the control objective indexes of the proposed multi-objective online optimization function. Then, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted to solve the optimization function. Finally, the proposed strategy for energy-efficient driving is verified based on the built Simulink and CarSim co-simulation model. The results show that the proposed four-wheel torque distribution strategy based on the multi-objective online optimization is more effective than average distribution strategy and offline optimization strategy.

AB - With the help of several in-wheel motors, four-wheel independent-drive electric vehicle (4WIDEV) has tremendous potential to improve vehicle performance. Except for the theme of stability enhancement during the past two decades, energy saving topic becomes more attractive recently. However, it is difficult to achieve stability and economy performance simultaneously. Given the commonly used control method of rigid yaw rate tracking may limit the energy saving potential of 4WIDEV in cornering. Therefore, be different from previous studies which often focus on a sole target, in this paper, a driving energy management strategy for 4WIDEV based on multi-objective online optimization of four-wheel torque distribution is proposed in this paper, which includes weighted yaw rate tracking error into its parameterized control objectives besides electric drive system efficiency, tire slip losses and wheel torque ripple. Meanwhile, for better coordination of stability and economy in different situation, fuzzy logic control is adopted to dynamically adjust the weight of the control objective indexes of the proposed multi-objective online optimization function. Then, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted to solve the optimization function. Finally, the proposed strategy for energy-efficient driving is verified based on the built Simulink and CarSim co-simulation model. The results show that the proposed four-wheel torque distribution strategy based on the multi-objective online optimization is more effective than average distribution strategy and offline optimization strategy.

KW - Electric vehicle

KW - Energy efficiency

KW - Independent drive

KW - Multi-objective

KW - Online optimization

KW - Torque distribution control

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VL - 110

JO - Control Engineering Practice

JF - Control Engineering Practice

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M1 - 104779

ER -

Wheel torque distribution optimization of four-wheel independent-drive electric vehicle for energy efficient driving

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funder

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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