Transition from wall modes to multimodality in liquid gallium magnetoconvection

Yufan Xu; Susanne Horn; Jonathan M. Aurnou

doi:10.1103/PhysRevFluids.8.103503

Transition from wall modes to multimodality in liquid gallium magnetoconvection

Yufan Xu, Susanne Horn, Jonathan M. Aurnou

Research Centre for Fluid and Complex Systems

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Citations (Scopus)

39 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Coupled laboratory-numerical experiments of Rayleigh-Bénard convection in liquid gallium subject to a vertical magnetic field are presented. The experiments are carried out in two cylindrical containers with diameter-to-height aspect ratio Γ=1.0 and 2.0 at varying thermal forcing (Rayleigh numbers 105R108) and magnetic field strength (Chandrasekhar numbers 0Ch3×105). Laboratory measurements and numerical simulations confirm that magnetoconvection in our finite cylindrical tanks onsets via nondrifting wall-attached modes, in good agreement with asymptotic predictions for a semi-infinite domain. With increasing supercriticality, the experimental and numerical thermal measurements and the numerical velocity data reveal transitions between wall mode states with different azimuthal mode numbers and between wall-dominated convection to wall and interior multimodality. These transitions are also reflected in the heat transfer data, which combined with previous studies connect onset to supercritical turbulent behaviors in liquid metal magnetoconvection over a large parameter space. The gross heat transfer behaviors between magnetoconvection and rotating convection in liquid metals are compared and discussed.

Original language	English
Article number	103503
Number of pages	21
Journal	Physical Review Fluids
Volume	8
Issue number	10
Early online date	27 Oct 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.8.103503
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 27 Oct 2023

Funding

We gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF Geophysics Program (EAR awards No. 1853196 and No. 2143939). S.H. thanks the EPSRC (Grant No. EP/V047388/1). Partial work conducted by Y.X. in this paper was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-09CH11466, and under the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. Thanks also go to Jewel Abbate and Taylor Lonner for providing assistance with the experimental setup of RoMag, and to Meredith Plumley for generously sharing her extracted data from King and Aurnou and Burr and Müller .

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Computational Mechanics
Modelling and Simulation
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes

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10.1103/PhysRevFluids.8.103503

Horn2023VoRFinal published version, 1.95 MBLicence: Other

Cite this

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title = "Transition from wall modes to multimodality in liquid gallium magnetoconvection",

abstract = "Coupled laboratory-numerical experiments of Rayleigh-B{\'e}nard convection in liquid gallium subject to a vertical magnetic field are presented. The experiments are carried out in two cylindrical containers with diameter-to-height aspect ratio Γ=1.0 and 2.0 at varying thermal forcing (Rayleigh numbers 105R108) and magnetic field strength (Chandrasekhar numbers 0Ch3×105). Laboratory measurements and numerical simulations confirm that magnetoconvection in our finite cylindrical tanks onsets via nondrifting wall-attached modes, in good agreement with asymptotic predictions for a semi-infinite domain. With increasing supercriticality, the experimental and numerical thermal measurements and the numerical velocity data reveal transitions between wall mode states with different azimuthal mode numbers and between wall-dominated convection to wall and interior multimodality. These transitions are also reflected in the heat transfer data, which combined with previous studies connect onset to supercritical turbulent behaviors in liquid metal magnetoconvection over a large parameter space. The gross heat transfer behaviors between magnetoconvection and rotating convection in liquid metals are compared and discussed.",

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Y1 - 2023/10/27

N2 - Coupled laboratory-numerical experiments of Rayleigh-Bénard convection in liquid gallium subject to a vertical magnetic field are presented. The experiments are carried out in two cylindrical containers with diameter-to-height aspect ratio Γ=1.0 and 2.0 at varying thermal forcing (Rayleigh numbers 105R108) and magnetic field strength (Chandrasekhar numbers 0Ch3×105). Laboratory measurements and numerical simulations confirm that magnetoconvection in our finite cylindrical tanks onsets via nondrifting wall-attached modes, in good agreement with asymptotic predictions for a semi-infinite domain. With increasing supercriticality, the experimental and numerical thermal measurements and the numerical velocity data reveal transitions between wall mode states with different azimuthal mode numbers and between wall-dominated convection to wall and interior multimodality. These transitions are also reflected in the heat transfer data, which combined with previous studies connect onset to supercritical turbulent behaviors in liquid metal magnetoconvection over a large parameter space. The gross heat transfer behaviors between magnetoconvection and rotating convection in liquid metals are compared and discussed.

AB - Coupled laboratory-numerical experiments of Rayleigh-Bénard convection in liquid gallium subject to a vertical magnetic field are presented. The experiments are carried out in two cylindrical containers with diameter-to-height aspect ratio Γ=1.0 and 2.0 at varying thermal forcing (Rayleigh numbers 105R108) and magnetic field strength (Chandrasekhar numbers 0Ch3×105). Laboratory measurements and numerical simulations confirm that magnetoconvection in our finite cylindrical tanks onsets via nondrifting wall-attached modes, in good agreement with asymptotic predictions for a semi-infinite domain. With increasing supercriticality, the experimental and numerical thermal measurements and the numerical velocity data reveal transitions between wall mode states with different azimuthal mode numbers and between wall-dominated convection to wall and interior multimodality. These transitions are also reflected in the heat transfer data, which combined with previous studies connect onset to supercritical turbulent behaviors in liquid metal magnetoconvection over a large parameter space. The gross heat transfer behaviors between magnetoconvection and rotating convection in liquid metals are compared and discussed.

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Transition from wall modes to multimodality in liquid gallium magnetoconvection

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