The relationship between corporate governance and firm financial performance: An empirical investigation of an emerging market

We investigate whether the distinct nature of multinational firms (MNC) differently influence the governance-performance relationship compared to the local firms in Pakistan. We used a dynamic system GMM estimator that produces consistent and efficient estimation after controlling for dynamic endogeneity and simultaneity. Our results demonstrate that corporate governance (CG) has a significant positive impact on firm financial performance whilst CG practice of MNC firms is more effective than local firms in Pakistan. We observed two distinct financing behaviours, i.e., 'pro-active investment behaviour' of MNC firms and 'conservative investment behaviour' of local firms. We conclude that a well-established corporate culture, significant financial worth and firms' higher growth rate are key determinants of better CG practice.