The necessity for urban wastewater collection, treatment, and disposal

Without a doubt wastewater management is an essential requisite of all modern city infrastructures. This chapter provides some insights into the collection, treatment, and disposal of urban wastewater systems that are utilised in many towns and cities. Without treatment, wastewater can impair the quality of the natural environment and create public health issues. Urban infrastructure includes a wastewater/sewerage treatment plant. This is a combination of stepwise treatment components that are used to carry out particular treatment processes. Sludge is an unavoidable semisolid by-product of the sewage treatment process, and its treatment/disposal poses an environmental challenge. The chapter also focuses on water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in developing countries. WASH interventions have been shown to be highly effective in reducing the environmental exposure to diseases. There are essential elements of sustainable WASH delivery that must continue to be contextually implemented in order to ensure that all WASH benefits are achieved in developing countries.