Abstract
Purpose: Sarcopenia can begin from the 4–5th decade of life and is exacerbated by obesity and inactivity. A combination of resistance exercise (RE) and endurance exercise is recommended to combat rising obesity and inactivity levels. However, work continues to elucidate whether interference in adaptive outcomes occur when RE and endurance exercise are performed concurrently. This study examined whether a single bout of concurrent RE and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) alters the satellite cell response following exercise compared to RE alone. Methods: Eight sedentary, overweight/obese, middle-aged individuals performed RE only (8 × 8 leg extensions at 70% 1RM), or RE + HIIT (10 × 1 min at 90% HRmax on a cycle ergometer). Muscle biopsies were collected from the vastus lateralis before and 96 h after the RE component to determine muscle fiber type-specific total (Pax7+ cells) and active (MyoD+ cells) satellite cell number using immunofluorescence microscopy. Results: Type-I-specific Pax7+ (P = 0.001) cell number increased after both exercise trials. Type-I-specific MyoD+ (P = 0.001) cell number increased after RE only. However, an elevated baseline value in RE + HIIT compared to RE (P = 0.046) was observed, with no differences between exercise trials at 96 h (P = 0.21). Type-II-specific Pax7+ and MyoD+ cell number remained unchanged after both exercise trials (all P ≥ 0.13). Conclusion: Combining a HIIT session after a single bout of RE does not interfere with the increase in type-I-specific total, and possibly active, satellite cell number, compared to RE only. Concurrent RE + HIIT may offer a time-efficient way to maximise the physiological benefits from a single bout of exercise in sedentary, overweight/obese, middle-aged individuals.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 225-238 |
| Number of pages | 14 |
| Journal | European Journal of Applied Physiology |
| Volume | 118 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| Early online date | 25 Oct 2017 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Feb 2018 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and thesource, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
Funding
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank all the participants for their valuable time and participation in this study. The authors would also like to thank Professor Michael Steiner (University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust) for his assistance with the screening of participants, and Sophie Joanisse (University of Birmingham) for her technical assistance with the immunofluorescence staining. The Pax7 hybridoma cells, developed by Dr. A. Kawakami, and the A4.951 hybridoma cells, developed by Dr. HM. Blau, were obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank (DSHB) developed under the auspices of the US. The present work was in part funded by the Technogym, The Wellness Company and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit based at University Hospitals of Leicester and Lough-borough University. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Technogym, NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. The authors were fully responsible for conducting the trial and analysing the data.
Keywords
- Acute responses
- Concurrent exercise
- High-intensity interval training
- Human skeletal muscle
- Interference
- mRNA expression
- Obesity
- Resistance exercise
- Satellite cell
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
- Physiology (medical)
