Ornamental plant producers' perceptions of invasive plants: non-native taxa highlighted in Yalova Province, TÜrkiye

To effectively prioritize the management of invasive plants, it is necessary to reduce the risks posed by trade. This is particularly critical for the ornamental plant sector, which acts as a primary pathway for the introduction and distribution of non-native plant species. In this context, it is necessary to understand the perceptions of ornamental plant producers, who are the primary actors in the ornamental plant trade, about non-native plants and their impacts and risks. Using the Altınova District of Yalova Province, Türkiye, we conducted a survey to explore the perceptions of 20 ornamental plant producers regarding non-native and invasive ornamental plant taxa. We also generated a list of ornamental plant taxa produced in the study area by using local sources referencing ornamental plants (such as producers’ catalogs). We found that of the 121 plants produced, 92 taxa were non-native, 23 were native, and 6 were non-native hybrids, of which 31 taxa (11 taxa native and 20 taxa non-native to Türkiye) were found to be invasive elsewhere. Most of the plants produced were perennials (103 taxa). The vast majority of producers (70%) had heard the term “invasive plant” before. However, the concept of invasive plants is considered in the context of “plants other than for production purposes, i.e., weeds.” There is a lack of awareness among producers about the possible impacts caused by non-native taxa and their management status. We conclude that appropriate regulations should be made for the sale and use of non-native plants, and awareness activities should be organized for all stakeholders and the public. Further research is required to identify, prioritize, and manage non-native ornamental plants and their potential impacts across all countries engaged in the ornamental plant trade to prevent future ornamental plant invasions.