Obtaining more from the electrical chloride test

Peter A. Claisse, T.W. Beresford

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

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    Abstract

    The electrical chloride test was developed some years ago and is carried out by driving chlorides through concrete samples using electric fields with high voltages up to 60 V. In the test, the total current passing through the sample in a few hours is used as an estimate of the transport properties of the chlorides in the concrete. This test has major advantages that it is rapid, and can be used in situ; and, it has been accepted by the ASTM. It has been criticised in the literature and has, for example, been found to give misleading results when pozzolanic materials are present. It has been pointed out by the author that if silica fume is added to the concrete, the current falls during the test. However, in plain concretes it normally rises. This paper is based on the premise that the current test procedure only makes use of part of the available data . Therefore, it provides only part of the possible results for evaluation and analysis. By analysing the shape of the current-time curve, much more information about the constituents and properties of the concrete may be obtained. For the data presented in this paper, a large number of samples were tested and computer analysis of the shape of the current-time transients was used to identify the causes of the different attributes of the current-time transients. This analysis is of particular importance in Europe where new Eurocodes for cement permit addition of pozzolanic materials to almost all cements. Publisher statement: © 1997 American Concrete Institute, reproduced with permission.
    Original languageEnglish
    Title of host publicationSP170-57: Proceedings of the CANMET/ACI conference on the durability of concrete
    PublisherAmerican Concrete Institute
    Pages1119-1126
    Publication statusPublished - 1997

    Fingerprint

    Concretes
    Cements
    Silica fume
    Transport properties
    Electric fields
    Electric potential

    Bibliographical note

    © 1997 American Concrete Institute, reproduced with permission.

    Keywords

    • chlorides
    • concretes
    • diffusion
    • electrical properties
    • pozzolans

    Cite this

    Claisse, P. A., & Beresford, T. W. (1997). Obtaining more from the electrical chloride test. In SP170-57: Proceedings of the CANMET/ACI conference on the durability of concrete (pp. 1119-1126). American Concrete Institute.

    Obtaining more from the electrical chloride test. / Claisse, Peter A.; Beresford, T.W.

    SP170-57: Proceedings of the CANMET/ACI conference on the durability of concrete. American Concrete Institute, 1997. p. 1119-1126.

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

    Claisse, PA & Beresford, TW 1997, Obtaining more from the electrical chloride test. in SP170-57: Proceedings of the CANMET/ACI conference on the durability of concrete. American Concrete Institute, pp. 1119-1126.
    Claisse PA, Beresford TW. Obtaining more from the electrical chloride test. In SP170-57: Proceedings of the CANMET/ACI conference on the durability of concrete. American Concrete Institute. 1997. p. 1119-1126
    Claisse, Peter A. ; Beresford, T.W. / Obtaining more from the electrical chloride test. SP170-57: Proceedings of the CANMET/ACI conference on the durability of concrete. American Concrete Institute, 1997. pp. 1119-1126
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    abstract = "The electrical chloride test was developed some years ago and is carried out by driving chlorides through concrete samples using electric fields with high voltages up to 60 V. In the test, the total current passing through the sample in a few hours is used as an estimate of the transport properties of the chlorides in the concrete. This test has major advantages that it is rapid, and can be used in situ; and, it has been accepted by the ASTM. It has been criticised in the literature and has, for example, been found to give misleading results when pozzolanic materials are present. It has been pointed out by the author that if silica fume is added to the concrete, the current falls during the test. However, in plain concretes it normally rises. This paper is based on the premise that the current test procedure only makes use of part of the available data . Therefore, it provides only part of the possible results for evaluation and analysis. By analysing the shape of the current-time curve, much more information about the constituents and properties of the concrete may be obtained. For the data presented in this paper, a large number of samples were tested and computer analysis of the shape of the current-time transients was used to identify the causes of the different attributes of the current-time transients. This analysis is of particular importance in Europe where new Eurocodes for cement permit addition of pozzolanic materials to almost all cements. Publisher statement: {\circledC} 1997 American Concrete Institute, reproduced with permission.",
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    N2 - The electrical chloride test was developed some years ago and is carried out by driving chlorides through concrete samples using electric fields with high voltages up to 60 V. In the test, the total current passing through the sample in a few hours is used as an estimate of the transport properties of the chlorides in the concrete. This test has major advantages that it is rapid, and can be used in situ; and, it has been accepted by the ASTM. It has been criticised in the literature and has, for example, been found to give misleading results when pozzolanic materials are present. It has been pointed out by the author that if silica fume is added to the concrete, the current falls during the test. However, in plain concretes it normally rises. This paper is based on the premise that the current test procedure only makes use of part of the available data . Therefore, it provides only part of the possible results for evaluation and analysis. By analysing the shape of the current-time curve, much more information about the constituents and properties of the concrete may be obtained. For the data presented in this paper, a large number of samples were tested and computer analysis of the shape of the current-time transients was used to identify the causes of the different attributes of the current-time transients. This analysis is of particular importance in Europe where new Eurocodes for cement permit addition of pozzolanic materials to almost all cements. Publisher statement: © 1997 American Concrete Institute, reproduced with permission.

    AB - The electrical chloride test was developed some years ago and is carried out by driving chlorides through concrete samples using electric fields with high voltages up to 60 V. In the test, the total current passing through the sample in a few hours is used as an estimate of the transport properties of the chlorides in the concrete. This test has major advantages that it is rapid, and can be used in situ; and, it has been accepted by the ASTM. It has been criticised in the literature and has, for example, been found to give misleading results when pozzolanic materials are present. It has been pointed out by the author that if silica fume is added to the concrete, the current falls during the test. However, in plain concretes it normally rises. This paper is based on the premise that the current test procedure only makes use of part of the available data . Therefore, it provides only part of the possible results for evaluation and analysis. By analysing the shape of the current-time curve, much more information about the constituents and properties of the concrete may be obtained. For the data presented in this paper, a large number of samples were tested and computer analysis of the shape of the current-time transients was used to identify the causes of the different attributes of the current-time transients. This analysis is of particular importance in Europe where new Eurocodes for cement permit addition of pozzolanic materials to almost all cements. Publisher statement: © 1997 American Concrete Institute, reproduced with permission.

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