Abstract
In the laser forming process, a cooling time is usually considered between successive scans to increase the temperature gradient and subsequently the bending angle. In this process, cooling is usually performed at ambient temperature, which can lead to a high increase in operation time and costs. The cooling rate can lead to undesirable changes in the microstructure depending on the type of material. In this research, by introducing a simple method for applying forced cooling with water at different distances from the laser beam, its effects are investigated on the laser forming of AISI 304L tubes using the finite element method and experiments. The bending angles and microstructure of the tube after forming are analyzed. The results show that local cooling with water reduces the duration of a 1-degree bend by about 8 to 13 times compared to the cooling at ambient temperature. However, local cooling with a small offset from the beam increases the residual stress after the forming and consequently increases the probability of stress corrosion cracking. However, cooling at ambient temperature increases the likelihood of intergranular precipitation in this steel compared to local cooling. According to the results, local cooling at a certain distance from the laser beam with the least change in residual stress has high efficiencies in bending the tube and less chance of corrosion after the forming.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 338 |
| Journal | Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering |
| Volume | 43 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 11 Jun 2021 |
Bibliographical note
The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40430-021-03063-9Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.
Keywords
- Laser tube forming
- Cooling strategy
- Metallography
- Stress corrosion cracking
- Residual stress
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Engineering(all)
- Mechanical Engineering
- Aerospace Engineering
- Applied Mathematics
- Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
- Automotive Engineering