Network Latency in Teleoperation of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles: A Review of Trends, Challenges, and Mitigation Strategies

Sidharth Bhanu Kamtam; Qian Lu; Faouzi Bouali; Olivier C. L. Haas; Stewart Birrell

doi:10.3390/s24123957

Network Latency in Teleoperation of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles: A Review of Trends, Challenges, and Mitigation Strategies

Sidharth Bhanu Kamtam, Qian Lu, Faouzi Bouali, Olivier C. L. Haas, Stewart Birrell

Centre for Future Transport and Cities

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

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Abstract

With remarkable advancements in the development of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs), the integration of teleoperation has become crucial for improving safety and operational efficiency. However, teleoperation faces substantial challenges, with network latency being a critical factor influencing its performance. This survey paper explores the impact of network latency along with state-of-the-art mitigation/compensation approaches. It examines cascading effects on teleoperation communication links (i.e., uplink and downlink) and how delays in data transmission affect the real-time perception and decision-making of operators. By elucidating the challenges and available mitigation strategies, the paper offers valuable insights for researchers, engineers, and practitioners working towards the seamless integration of teleoperation in the evolving landscape of CAVs.

Original language	English
Article number	3957
Number of pages	37
Journal	Sensors
Volume	24
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/s24123957
Publication status	Published - 18 Jun 2024

Bibliographical note

© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Funder

This research was funded by Coventry University grant number BDN68KDUX.

Keywords

network latency
teleoperation
connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV)
latency mitigation strategies—perception and control

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10.3390/s24123957Licence: CC BY

Kamtam2024VoRFinal published version, 2.54 MBLicence: CC BY
sensors-24-03957Final published version, 2.21 MBLicence: CC BY

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abstract = "With remarkable advancements in the development of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs), the integration of teleoperation has become crucial for improving safety and operational efficiency. However, teleoperation faces substantial challenges, with network latency being a critical factor influencing its performance. This survey paper explores the impact of network latency along with state-of-the-art mitigation/compensation approaches. It examines cascading effects on teleoperation communication links (i.e., uplink and downlink) and how delays in data transmission affect the real-time perception and decision-making of operators. By elucidating the challenges and available mitigation strategies, the paper offers valuable insights for researchers, engineers, and practitioners working towards the seamless integration of teleoperation in the evolving landscape of CAVs.",

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AU - Birrell, Stewart

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Network Latency in Teleoperation of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles: A Review of Trends, Challenges, and Mitigation Strategies

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Keywords

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