Abstract
The sulphur effect in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) mainly refers to a segregation of sulphur at the interface between thermally grown oxide (TGO) and the bond coat, which significantly deteriorates scale adhesion to alloys. Restricted by the extremely low concentrations of sulphur (0–10 ppm) in TBCs, previous investigations using conventional analytical techniques failed to provide a complete mechanism for the migration of sulphur. In this study, high resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) was employed to detect trace sulphur distributions in commercial TBCs. After heat treatments, sulphur segregates at three typical areas in TBCs: (1) the yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) top coat; (2) the TGO/bond coat interface and (3) the grit blasted surface. This indicates that during heat treatment a significant outward diffusion of sulphur occurs from the superalloy to YSZ top coat through the TGO, and a possible mechanism for the migration of sulphur in TBCs is described. The undesired “sulphur effect” on scale adhesion was suggested to be caused by the formation of residual sulphides beneath the alumina scale with weaker ionic bonding to alloy cations. Possible solutions are suggested aiming to alleviate the sulphur effect in TBCs.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 364-371 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Materials and Design |
| Volume | 97 |
| Early online date | 27 Feb 2016 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 5 May 2016 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs)
- Sulphur
- Oxidation
- Adhesion
- Second ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)
- Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)