Mathematically consistent boundary conditions and turbulence matching at block interfaces for computational aeroacoustics

The method of characteristics is used to implement the various boundary conditions (e.g. wall and interface) in a high-order computational aeroacoustic (CAA) code developed by the first author. Most characteristic methods do not satisfy Pfaff's condition (which needs to be satisfied for any mathematical relation to be valid). A mathematically consistent and valid method is used in this work to derive the characteristic boundary conditions. Also, a robust and efficient approach for the matching of turbulence quantities at multi-block interfaces is proposed. Various numerical simulation cases were run to validate the concepts. The computed results show that the proposed method is accurate, robust and is in excellent agreement with experimental data. The results also indicate that the matching of turbulence quantities is essential for accurate turbulent flow calculations.