Longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic disease risk in corporate executives

Paula R Pienaar; Laura Roden; Cécile R.L. Boot; Willem van Mechelen; Jos Twisk; Estelle V Lambert; Dale E Rae

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107724

Longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic disease risk in corporate executives

Paula R Pienaar
, Laura Roden
, Cécile R.L. Boot
, Willem van Mechelen
, Jos Twisk
, Estelle V Lambert
, Dale E Rae

University of Cape Town
VU University Amsterdam
University of Queensland
University College Dublin
University of Groningen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

90 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk in corporate executives.
Methods: Self-reported sleep duration and lifestyle, occupational, psychological, and anthropometrical, blood pressure and blood marker variables were obtained from 1512 employees at annual health risk assessments in South Africa between 2016 and 2019. Gender-stratified linear mixed models, adjusting for age, lifestyle, occupational and psychological covariates were used to explore these longitudinal associations.
Results: Among women, shorter sleep duration was associated with higher body mass index (BMI) covarying for age only (ß with 95% confidence intervals: − 0.19 [− 0.36, − 0.03]), age and occupational factors (− 0.20 [− 0.36,
− 0.03]) and age and psychological factors (− 0.20 [− 0.37, − 0.03]). Among men, shorter sleep was associated with both BMI and waist circumference (WC) covarying for age only (BMI: − 0.15 [− 0.22; − 0.08]; WC: − 0.62 [− 0.88; − 0.37]); age and lifestyle factors (BMI: − 0.12 [− 0.21; − 0.04]); WC: − 0.016 [− 0.92; − 0.29], age and occupational factors (BMI: − 0.20 [− 0.22; 0.08]; WC: − 0.62 [− 0.88; − 0.36]), and age and psychological factors (BMI: − 0.15 [− 0.22; − 0.07]; WC: − 0.59 [− 0.86; − 0.33]). Among men, shorter sleep was also longitudinally associated with higher CMD risk scores in models adjusted for age and lifestyle factors (CMD: − 0.12 [− 0.20; − 0.04]) and age and psychological factors (CMD: − 0.08 [− 0.15; − 0.01]).
Conclusion: Corporate executives who report shorter sleep durations may present with poorer CMD risk profiles, independent of age, lifestyle, occupational and psychological factors. Addressing sleep health in workplace health programmes may help mitigate the development of CMD in such employees.

Original language	English
Article number	107724
Number of pages	7
Journal	Preventive Medicine
Volume	175
Early online date	10 Oct 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107724
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 10 Oct 2023

Bibliographical note

2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/).

Funder

The authors sincerely thank the healthcare professionals involved in the Life Healthcare's Executive Wellness Programme, and the companies who agreed to participate in this study.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

Employees
Health promotion
Health risk assessment
Longitudinal study
Sleep quantity
Workplace

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Epidemiology

Access to Document

10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107724Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

PublishedFinal published version, 779 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

@article{0d677bb6baa9459fb9cc315e224cd3ba,

title = "Longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic disease risk in corporate executives",

abstract = "Objective: This study aimed to determine the longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk in corporate executives. Methods: Self-reported sleep duration and lifestyle, occupational, psychological, and anthropometrical, blood pressure and blood marker variables were obtained from 1512 employees at annual health risk assessments in South Africa between 2016 and 2019. Gender-stratified linear mixed models, adjusting for age, lifestyle, occupational and psychological covariates were used to explore these longitudinal associations. Results: Among women, shorter sleep duration was associated with higher body mass index (BMI) covarying for age only ({\ss} with 95\% confidence intervals: − 0.19 [− 0.36, − 0.03]), age and occupational factors (− 0.20 [− 0.36, − 0.03]) and age and psychological factors (− 0.20 [− 0.37, − 0.03]). Among men, shorter sleep was associated with both BMI and waist circumference (WC) covarying for age only (BMI: − 0.15 [− 0.22; − 0.08]; WC: − 0.62 [− 0.88; − 0.37]); age and lifestyle factors (BMI: − 0.12 [− 0.21; − 0.04]); WC: − 0.016 [− 0.92; − 0.29], age and occupational factors (BMI: − 0.20 [− 0.22; 0.08]; WC: − 0.62 [− 0.88; − 0.36]), and age and psychological factors (BMI: − 0.15 [− 0.22; − 0.07]; WC: − 0.59 [− 0.86; − 0.33]). Among men, shorter sleep was also longitudinally associated with higher CMD risk scores in models adjusted for age and lifestyle factors (CMD: − 0.12 [− 0.20; − 0.04]) and age and psychological factors (CMD: − 0.08 [− 0.15; − 0.01]). Conclusion: Corporate executives who report shorter sleep durations may present with poorer CMD risk profiles, independent of age, lifestyle, occupational and psychological factors. Addressing sleep health in workplace health programmes may help mitigate the development of CMD in such employees.",

keywords = "Employees, Health promotion, Health risk assessment, Longitudinal study, Sleep quantity, Workplace",

author = "Pienaar, \{Paula R\} and Laura Roden and Boot, \{C{\'e}cile R.L.\} and \{van Mechelen\}, Willem and Jos Twisk and Lambert, \{Estelle V\} and Rae, \{Dale E\}",

note = "2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/).",

year = "2023",

month = oct,

day = "10",

doi = "10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107724",

language = "English",

volume = "175",

journal = "Preventive Medicine",

issn = "0091-7435",

publisher = "Elsevier",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic disease risk in corporate executives

AU - Pienaar, Paula R

AU - Roden, Laura

AU - Boot, Cécile R.L.

AU - van Mechelen, Willem

AU - Twisk, Jos

AU - Lambert, Estelle V

AU - Rae, Dale E

N1 - 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/).

PY - 2023/10/10

Y1 - 2023/10/10

N2 - Objective: This study aimed to determine the longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk in corporate executives. Methods: Self-reported sleep duration and lifestyle, occupational, psychological, and anthropometrical, blood pressure and blood marker variables were obtained from 1512 employees at annual health risk assessments in South Africa between 2016 and 2019. Gender-stratified linear mixed models, adjusting for age, lifestyle, occupational and psychological covariates were used to explore these longitudinal associations. Results: Among women, shorter sleep duration was associated with higher body mass index (BMI) covarying for age only (ß with 95% confidence intervals: − 0.19 [− 0.36, − 0.03]), age and occupational factors (− 0.20 [− 0.36, − 0.03]) and age and psychological factors (− 0.20 [− 0.37, − 0.03]). Among men, shorter sleep was associated with both BMI and waist circumference (WC) covarying for age only (BMI: − 0.15 [− 0.22; − 0.08]; WC: − 0.62 [− 0.88; − 0.37]); age and lifestyle factors (BMI: − 0.12 [− 0.21; − 0.04]); WC: − 0.016 [− 0.92; − 0.29], age and occupational factors (BMI: − 0.20 [− 0.22; 0.08]; WC: − 0.62 [− 0.88; − 0.36]), and age and psychological factors (BMI: − 0.15 [− 0.22; − 0.07]; WC: − 0.59 [− 0.86; − 0.33]). Among men, shorter sleep was also longitudinally associated with higher CMD risk scores in models adjusted for age and lifestyle factors (CMD: − 0.12 [− 0.20; − 0.04]) and age and psychological factors (CMD: − 0.08 [− 0.15; − 0.01]). Conclusion: Corporate executives who report shorter sleep durations may present with poorer CMD risk profiles, independent of age, lifestyle, occupational and psychological factors. Addressing sleep health in workplace health programmes may help mitigate the development of CMD in such employees.

AB - Objective: This study aimed to determine the longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk in corporate executives. Methods: Self-reported sleep duration and lifestyle, occupational, psychological, and anthropometrical, blood pressure and blood marker variables were obtained from 1512 employees at annual health risk assessments in South Africa between 2016 and 2019. Gender-stratified linear mixed models, adjusting for age, lifestyle, occupational and psychological covariates were used to explore these longitudinal associations. Results: Among women, shorter sleep duration was associated with higher body mass index (BMI) covarying for age only (ß with 95% confidence intervals: − 0.19 [− 0.36, − 0.03]), age and occupational factors (− 0.20 [− 0.36, − 0.03]) and age and psychological factors (− 0.20 [− 0.37, − 0.03]). Among men, shorter sleep was associated with both BMI and waist circumference (WC) covarying for age only (BMI: − 0.15 [− 0.22; − 0.08]; WC: − 0.62 [− 0.88; − 0.37]); age and lifestyle factors (BMI: − 0.12 [− 0.21; − 0.04]); WC: − 0.016 [− 0.92; − 0.29], age and occupational factors (BMI: − 0.20 [− 0.22; 0.08]; WC: − 0.62 [− 0.88; − 0.36]), and age and psychological factors (BMI: − 0.15 [− 0.22; − 0.07]; WC: − 0.59 [− 0.86; − 0.33]). Among men, shorter sleep was also longitudinally associated with higher CMD risk scores in models adjusted for age and lifestyle factors (CMD: − 0.12 [− 0.20; − 0.04]) and age and psychological factors (CMD: − 0.08 [− 0.15; − 0.01]). Conclusion: Corporate executives who report shorter sleep durations may present with poorer CMD risk profiles, independent of age, lifestyle, occupational and psychological factors. Addressing sleep health in workplace health programmes may help mitigate the development of CMD in such employees.

KW - Employees

KW - Health promotion

KW - Health risk assessment

KW - Longitudinal study

KW - Sleep quantity

KW - Workplace

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85173652220

U2 - 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107724

DO - 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107724

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85173652220

SN - 0091-7435

VL - 175

JO - Preventive Medicine

JF - Preventive Medicine

M1 - 107724

ER -

Longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic disease risk in corporate executives

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funder

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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