Abstract
Channel availability probability (CAP) and channel quality (CQ) are two key metrics that can be used to efficiently design a channel selection strategy in cognitive radio networks. For static scenarios, i.e., where all the users are immobile, the CAP metric depends only on the primary users' activity whereas the CQ metric remains relatively constant. In contrast, for mobile scenarios, the values of both metrics fluctuate not only with time (time-variant) but also over different links between users (link-variant) due to the dynamic variation of primary- and secondary-users' relative positions. As an attempt to address this dynamic fluctuation, this paper proposes L-CAQ: a link-oriented channel-availability and channel-quality based channel selection strategy that aims to maximize the link throughput. The L-CAQ scheme considers accurate estimation of the aforementioned two channel selection metrics, which are governed by the mobility-induced non-stationary network topology, and endeavors to select a channel that jointly maximizes the CAP and CQ. The benefits of the proposed scheme are demonstrated through numerical simulation for mobile cognitive radio networks.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 26-35 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Journal of Network and Computer Applications |
| Volume | 113 |
| Early online date | 27 Mar 2018 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Jul 2018 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Funding
The work of M. A. Rahman and K. Z. B. Zamli was supported in part by the University Malaysia Pahang (UMP) –RDU grant titled by “Palm Oil Supply Chain Traceability: Exploiting TV White Space”. The work of A. T. Asyhari was supported in part by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) Global Challenge Research Fund–Cranfield Institutional Allocation under the project “RHENIUM: Reliable Heterogeneous IoT Networks for Indonesia Natural Disasters' Monitoring and Recovery Systems”. A. Appendix A.1 The distance between CUs i and j , i.e., d i , j ( t ) , can be estimated by exploiting the CUs locations at time t 0 = n τ and t 0 − τ and assuming that the CUs do not change their direction within the interval [ t 0 , t 0 − τ ] . This is reasonable for the same reasoning as in Appendix A.1 . From Fig. 9 , let us consider that at time t 0 and t 0 − τ , the exact locations of CUs u i and u j are given by ( u i x ( t 0 ) ; u i y ( t 0 ) ) and ( u j x ( t 0 ) ; u j y ( t 0 ) ), and ( u i x ( t 0 − τ ) ; u i y ( t 0 − τ ) ) and ( u j x ( t 0 − τ ) ; u j y ( t 0 − τ ) ), respectively. If we know the two locations of node u i at two different time instants t 0 and t 0 − τ , we can then draw a Right-Angle-Triangle, as shown in Fig. 9 , and obtain the angle between hypotenuse and adjacent from the following equation, i.e., (18) θ h , a = cos − 1 u i x ( t 0 ) − u i x ( t 0 − τ ) d . Since we assume that the CUs do not change their direction from t 0 − τ to t 0 + τ , the new position of the u i at time t can therefore be estimated as u i x ( t ) = cos θ h , a × ( d + h ) and u i y ( t ) = sin θ h , a × ( d + h ) . The position of u j at time t can also be estimated by invoking the same steps. After approximating both the positions of CUs u i and u j at time t , the estimate of d i , j ( t ) can then be obtained by using the following equation (19) d ̃ i , j ( t ) = ( u i x ( t ) − u j x ( t ) ) 2 + ( u i y ( t ) − u j y ( t ) ) 2 . Md. Arafatur Rahman received his Ph.D. degree in Electronic and Telecommunications Engineering from the University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy, in 2013. He worked as a Postdoc in the same university in 2014. Currently, he is an Assistant Professor with Faculty of Computer Systems & Software Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang. He has become the IEEE member from 2014. His research interests include Cognitive Radio Networks, IoT, and 5G, and he has co-authored around 50 journals and conference publications. A. Taufiq Asyhari received the Ph.D. degree in Information Engineering from the University of Cambridge, U.K., in 2012. He has been a Lecturer in Networks and Communications with Cranfield University, U.K., since February 2017, where he is currently with the Centre for EW, Information and Cyber. He previously held positions at the University of Bradford, National Chiao Tung University, and Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany. He also held visiting appointments at the University of Stuttgart–Institute of Telecommunications and the NCTU Information Theory Laboratory. His research interests are in the area of information theory, communication and coding theory, and signal processing techniques with applications to wireless and nano-molecular networks. Dr. Asyhari is a Fellow with the Higher Education Academy, U.K. He received the Best Paper Award at the 11th IEEE–ISWCS in 2014, the Starting Grant from the National Science Council of Taiwan in 2013, and funding from the Cambridge Trust (Yousef Jameel Scholarship) in 2008–2011. Md Zakirul Alam Bhuiyan, PhD, is currently an Assistant Professor of the Department of Computer and Information Sciences at Fordham University, USA. Previously, he was an Assistant Professor at Temple University and a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Central South University, China. His research focuses on dependability, cyber security, big data, and cyber-physical systems. Dr. Bhuiyan has served as an associate/lead guest editor for key journals including IEEE Transactions on Big Data, ACM Transaction on Cyber-Physical Systems, IEEE IoT Journal, and INS, FGCS, IJCA, and cluster computing. He has also served as the general chair, program chair, workshop chair, publicity chair, TPC member, and a reviewer of various international journals/conferences. He is a senior member of the IEEE and a member of the ACM. Qusay Medhat Salih is a PhD student in University Malaysia Pahang. In 2015, he received his master's degree in Computer Systems & Networking from the Faculty of Computer Systems & Software Engineering in University Malaysia Pahang. His main areas of research interest are Handoff, Wireless Communication, Cognitive Radio Network. Dr. Kamal Z. Zamli is a Professor as well as Dean for the Faculty of Computer Systems and Software Engineering, at Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP). He was the former Dean of Research at UMP. He published almost 200 journals, books, book chapters, and peer-reviewed conference articles. His research areas include t-way Testing, Search-Based Software Engineering, and Optimization Algorithms. He holds several research grants related to Software Testing both from the government and the industry. Among others, he has managed to secure an international research grant from Agilent USA in 2009–2010 and from Long Term National for Science from Saudi Arabia in 2013–2016.
Keywords
- Channel availability
- Channel quality
- Channel selection
- Cognitive radio
- Mobile networks
- Mobility
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Hardware and Architecture
- Computer Science Applications
- Computer Networks and Communications