Interchangeability of research and commercial wearable device data for assessing associations with cardiometabolic risk markers

Andrew Kingsnorth; Elena Moltchanova; Jonah J. C. Thomas; Maxine Whelan; Mark W Orme; Dale W Esliger; Matt Hobbs

doi:10.1123/jmpb.2022-0050

Interchangeability of research and commercial wearable device data for assessing associations with cardiometabolic risk markers

Andrew Kingsnorth, Elena Moltchanova, Jonah J. C. Thomas, Maxine Whelan, Mark W Orme, Dale W Esliger, Matt Hobbs

Centre for Healthcare and Communities

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Introduction: While there is evidence on agreement, it is unknown whether commercial wearables can be used as surrogates for research-grade devices when investigating links with markers of cardiometabolic risk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether data from a commercial wearable device could be used to assess associations between behavior and cardiometabolic risk markers, compared with physical activity from a research-grade monitor. Methods: Forty-five adults concurrently wore a wrist-worn Fitbit Charge 2 and a waist-worn ActiGraph wGT3X-BT during waking hours over 7 consecutive days. Log-linear regression models were fitted, and predictive fit via a one-out cross-validation was performed for each device between behavioral (steps, and light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity) and cardiometabolic variables (body mass index, weight, body fat percentage, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin, grip strength, estimated maximal oxygen uptake, and waist circumference). Results: Overall, step count was the most consistent predictor of cardiometabolic risk factors, with negative associations across both Fitbit and ActiGraph devices for body mass index (−0.017 vs. −0.020, p < .01), weight (−0.014 vs. −0.017, p < .05), body fat percentage (−0.021 vs. −0.022, p < .01), and waist circumference (−0.013 vs. −0.015, p < .01). Neither device was found to provide a consistently better prediction across all included cardiometabolic risk markers. Conclusions: Step count data from a commercial-grade wearable device showed similar associations and predictive relationships with cardiometabolic risk markers compared with a research-grade wearable device, providing preliminary support for their use in health research.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	169-175
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour
Volume	6
Issue number	3
Early online date	18 Aug 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1123/jmpb.2022-0050
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 18 Aug 2023

Bibliographical note

Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.

This document is the author’s post-print version, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer-review process. Some differences between the published version and this version may remain and you are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it.

Keywords

Commercial wearables
step count
cardiometabolic risk markers
physical activity
General Psychology
General Computer Science
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
General Engineering

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1123/jmpb.2022-0050

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Cite this

Kingsnorth, A., Moltchanova, E., Thomas, J. J. C., Whelan, M., Orme, M. W., Esliger, D. W., & Hobbs, M. (2023). Interchangeability of research and commercial wearable device data for assessing associations with cardiometabolic risk markers. Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour, 6(3), 169-175. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1123/jmpb.2022-0050

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abstract = "Introduction: While there is evidence on agreement, it is unknown whether commercial wearables can be used as surrogates for research-grade devices when investigating links with markers of cardiometabolic risk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether data from a commercial wearable device could be used to assess associations between behavior and cardiometabolic risk markers, compared with physical activity from a research-grade monitor. Methods: Forty-five adults concurrently wore a wrist-worn Fitbit Charge 2 and a waist-worn ActiGraph wGT3X-BT during waking hours over 7 consecutive days. Log-linear regression models were fitted, and predictive fit via a one-out cross-validation was performed for each device between behavioral (steps, and light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity) and cardiometabolic variables (body mass index, weight, body fat percentage, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin, grip strength, estimated maximal oxygen uptake, and waist circumference). Results: Overall, step count was the most consistent predictor of cardiometabolic risk factors, with negative associations across both Fitbit and ActiGraph devices for body mass index (−0.017 vs. −0.020, p < .01), weight (−0.014 vs. −0.017, p < .05), body fat percentage (−0.021 vs. −0.022, p < .01), and waist circumference (−0.013 vs. −0.015, p < .01). Neither device was found to provide a consistently better prediction across all included cardiometabolic risk markers. Conclusions: Step count data from a commercial-grade wearable device showed similar associations and predictive relationships with cardiometabolic risk markers compared with a research-grade wearable device, providing preliminary support for their use in health research.",

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AU - Orme, Mark W

AU - Esliger, Dale W

AU - Hobbs, Matt

N1 - Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. This document is the author’s post-print version, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer-review process. Some differences between the published version and this version may remain and you are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it.

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Interchangeability of research and commercial wearable device data for assessing associations with cardiometabolic risk markers

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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