Independent or simultaneous lowering of core and skin temperature has no impact on self-paced intermittent running performance in hot conditions

Gavin Thomas; Tom Cullen; Matthew Davies; Connor  Hetherton; Benedict Duncan; Nicola Gerrett

doi:10.1007/s00421-019-04173-y

Independent or simultaneous lowering of core and skin temperature has no impact on self-paced intermittent running performance in hot conditions

Gavin Thomas, Tom Cullen, Matthew Davies, Connor Hetherton, Benedict Duncan, Nicola Gerrett

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Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effects of lowering core (T _gi) and mean skin temperature (T _sk) concomitantly and independently on self-paced intermittent running in the heat. Methods: 10 males (30.5 ± 5.8 years, 73.2 ± 14.5 kg, 176.9 ± 8.0 cm, 56.2 ± 6.6 ml/kg/min) completed four randomised 46-min self-paced intermittent protocols on a non-motorised treadmill in 34.4 ± 1.4 °C, 36.3 ± 4.6% relative humidity. 30-min prior to exercise, participants were cooled via either ice slurry ingestion (INT); a cooling garment (EXT); mixed-cooling (ice slurry and cooling garment concurrently) (MIX); or no-cooling (CON). Results: At the end of pre-cooling and the start of exercise T _gi were lower during MIX (36.11 ± 1.3 °C) compared to CON (37.6 ± 0.5 °C) and EXT (36.9 ± 0.5 °C, p < 0.05). Throughout pre-cooling T _sk and thermal sensation were lower in MIX compared to CON and INT, but not EXT (p < 0.05). The reductions in thermophysiological responses diminished within 10–20 min of exercise. Despite lowering T _gi, T _sk, body temperature (T _b), and thermal sensation prior to exercise, the distances covered were similar (CON: 6.69 ± 1.08 km, INT: 6.96 ± 0.81 km, EXT: 6.76 ± 0.65 km, MIX 6.87 ± 0.70 km) (p > 0.05). Peak sprint speeds were also similar between conditions (CON: 25.6 ± 4.48 km/h, INT: 25.4 ± 3.6 km/h, EXT: 26.0 ± 4.94 km/h, MIX: 25.6 ± 3.58 km/h) (p > 0.05). Blood lactate, heart rate and RPE were similar between conditions (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Lowering T _gi and T _sk prior to self-paced intermittent exercise did not improve sprint, or submaximal running performance.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1841–1853
Number of pages	13
Journal	European Journal of Applied Physiology
Volume	119
Issue number	8
Early online date	20 Jun 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-019-04173-y
Publication status	Published - Aug 2019

Bibliographical note

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Keywords

Intermittent exercise
Performance
Pre-cooling
Self-pacing
Team sports
Thermoregulation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Physiology (medical)

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1007/s00421-019-04173-yLicence: CC BY

PublishedFinal published version, 2.06 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

@article{483ee2c96ffd484f89856bc5285e9e2a,

title = "Independent or simultaneous lowering of core and skin temperature has no impact on self-paced intermittent running performance in hot conditions",

abstract = "Purpose: To investigate the effects of lowering core (T gi) and mean skin temperature (T sk) concomitantly and independently on self-paced intermittent running in the heat. Methods: 10 males (30.5 ± 5.8 years, 73.2 ± 14.5 kg, 176.9 ± 8.0 cm, 56.2 ± 6.6 ml/kg/min) completed four randomised 46-min self-paced intermittent protocols on a non-motorised treadmill in 34.4 ± 1.4 °C, 36.3 ± 4.6% relative humidity. 30-min prior to exercise, participants were cooled via either ice slurry ingestion (INT); a cooling garment (EXT); mixed-cooling (ice slurry and cooling garment concurrently) (MIX); or no-cooling (CON). Results: At the end of pre-cooling and the start of exercise T gi were lower during MIX (36.11 ± 1.3 °C) compared to CON (37.6 ± 0.5 °C) and EXT (36.9 ± 0.5 °C, p < 0.05). Throughout pre-cooling T sk and thermal sensation were lower in MIX compared to CON and INT, but not EXT (p < 0.05). The reductions in thermophysiological responses diminished within 10–20 min of exercise. Despite lowering T gi, T sk, body temperature (T b), and thermal sensation prior to exercise, the distances covered were similar (CON: 6.69 ± 1.08 km, INT: 6.96 ± 0.81 km, EXT: 6.76 ± 0.65 km, MIX 6.87 ± 0.70 km) (p > 0.05). Peak sprint speeds were also similar between conditions (CON: 25.6 ± 4.48 km/h, INT: 25.4 ± 3.6 km/h, EXT: 26.0 ± 4.94 km/h, MIX: 25.6 ± 3.58 km/h) (p > 0.05). Blood lactate, heart rate and RPE were similar between conditions (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Lowering T gi and T sk prior to self-paced intermittent exercise did not improve sprint, or submaximal running performance. ",

keywords = "Intermittent exercise, Performance, Pre-cooling, Self-pacing, Team sports, Thermoregulation",

author = "Gavin Thomas and Tom Cullen and Matthew Davies and Connor Hetherton and Benedict Duncan and Nicola Gerrett",

note = "This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.",

year = "2019",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1007/s00421-019-04173-y",

language = "English",

volume = "119",

pages = "1841–1853",

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AU - Thomas, Gavin

AU - Cullen, Tom

AU - Davies, Matthew

AU - Hetherton, Connor

AU - Duncan, Benedict

AU - Gerrett, Nicola

N1 - This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

PY - 2019/8

Y1 - 2019/8

N2 - Purpose: To investigate the effects of lowering core (T gi) and mean skin temperature (T sk) concomitantly and independently on self-paced intermittent running in the heat. Methods: 10 males (30.5 ± 5.8 years, 73.2 ± 14.5 kg, 176.9 ± 8.0 cm, 56.2 ± 6.6 ml/kg/min) completed four randomised 46-min self-paced intermittent protocols on a non-motorised treadmill in 34.4 ± 1.4 °C, 36.3 ± 4.6% relative humidity. 30-min prior to exercise, participants were cooled via either ice slurry ingestion (INT); a cooling garment (EXT); mixed-cooling (ice slurry and cooling garment concurrently) (MIX); or no-cooling (CON). Results: At the end of pre-cooling and the start of exercise T gi were lower during MIX (36.11 ± 1.3 °C) compared to CON (37.6 ± 0.5 °C) and EXT (36.9 ± 0.5 °C, p < 0.05). Throughout pre-cooling T sk and thermal sensation were lower in MIX compared to CON and INT, but not EXT (p < 0.05). The reductions in thermophysiological responses diminished within 10–20 min of exercise. Despite lowering T gi, T sk, body temperature (T b), and thermal sensation prior to exercise, the distances covered were similar (CON: 6.69 ± 1.08 km, INT: 6.96 ± 0.81 km, EXT: 6.76 ± 0.65 km, MIX 6.87 ± 0.70 km) (p > 0.05). Peak sprint speeds were also similar between conditions (CON: 25.6 ± 4.48 km/h, INT: 25.4 ± 3.6 km/h, EXT: 26.0 ± 4.94 km/h, MIX: 25.6 ± 3.58 km/h) (p > 0.05). Blood lactate, heart rate and RPE were similar between conditions (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Lowering T gi and T sk prior to self-paced intermittent exercise did not improve sprint, or submaximal running performance.

AB - Purpose: To investigate the effects of lowering core (T gi) and mean skin temperature (T sk) concomitantly and independently on self-paced intermittent running in the heat. Methods: 10 males (30.5 ± 5.8 years, 73.2 ± 14.5 kg, 176.9 ± 8.0 cm, 56.2 ± 6.6 ml/kg/min) completed four randomised 46-min self-paced intermittent protocols on a non-motorised treadmill in 34.4 ± 1.4 °C, 36.3 ± 4.6% relative humidity. 30-min prior to exercise, participants were cooled via either ice slurry ingestion (INT); a cooling garment (EXT); mixed-cooling (ice slurry and cooling garment concurrently) (MIX); or no-cooling (CON). Results: At the end of pre-cooling and the start of exercise T gi were lower during MIX (36.11 ± 1.3 °C) compared to CON (37.6 ± 0.5 °C) and EXT (36.9 ± 0.5 °C, p < 0.05). Throughout pre-cooling T sk and thermal sensation were lower in MIX compared to CON and INT, but not EXT (p < 0.05). The reductions in thermophysiological responses diminished within 10–20 min of exercise. Despite lowering T gi, T sk, body temperature (T b), and thermal sensation prior to exercise, the distances covered were similar (CON: 6.69 ± 1.08 km, INT: 6.96 ± 0.81 km, EXT: 6.76 ± 0.65 km, MIX 6.87 ± 0.70 km) (p > 0.05). Peak sprint speeds were also similar between conditions (CON: 25.6 ± 4.48 km/h, INT: 25.4 ± 3.6 km/h, EXT: 26.0 ± 4.94 km/h, MIX: 25.6 ± 3.58 km/h) (p > 0.05). Blood lactate, heart rate and RPE were similar between conditions (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Lowering T gi and T sk prior to self-paced intermittent exercise did not improve sprint, or submaximal running performance.

KW - Intermittent exercise

KW - Performance

KW - Pre-cooling

KW - Self-pacing

KW - Team sports

KW - Thermoregulation

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DO - 10.1007/s00421-019-04173-y

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Independent or simultaneous lowering of core and skin temperature has no impact on self-paced intermittent running performance in hot conditions

Abstract

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ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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Tom Cullen

Cite this

Independent or simultaneous lowering of core and skin temperature has no impact on self-paced intermittent running performance in hot conditions

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Profiles

Tom Cullen

Cite this