In situ investigation of the crystallization kinetics and the mechanism of grain refinement in aluminum alloys

N. Iqbal; N. H. van Dijk; S. E. Offerman; N. Geerlofs; M. P. Moret; L. Katgerman; G. J. Kearley

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2005.10.045

In situ investigation of the crystallization kinetics and the mechanism of grain refinement in aluminum alloys

N. Iqbal
, N. H. van Dijk
, S. E. Offerman
, N. Geerlofs
, M. P. Moret
, L. Katgerman
, G. J. Kearley

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

57 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The crystallization kinetics during the liquid to solid phase transformation of pure aluminium and various Al-Ti-B alloys is investigated using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (3D XRD). A reduced undercooling required to activate nucleation of aluminum grains is observed, when both solute titanium and TiB₂ particles are present in the liquid. The cooling rate dependence of the onset temperature T_o, the crystallization peak temperature T_P, and the latent heat ΔH are evaluated and compared for all samples. The DTA curves for slow cooling of an Al-0.3Ti-0.02B (wt.%) alloy illustrate the formation of an aluminide phase (TiAl₃) upon solidification. A comparison of the DTA curves during slow cooling of the hypoperitectic Al-0.1Ti-0.1TiB₂ (wt.%) and the hyperperitectic Al-0.3Ti-0.02B (wt.%) alloys seem to exhibit a kinetic similarity at the onset of the solidification. In situ 3D XRD measurements clearly exhibit the formation of a metastable TiAl₃ phase prior to solidification of both alloys. This explains the mechanism of grain refinement in the presence of solute titanium and TiB₂ particles in the grain refined aluminum alloys. The influence of titanium diffusion, latent heat, and cooling rate on the growth behaviour of individual aluminium grains during the phase transformation is further quantified.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	18-32
Number of pages	15
Journal	Materials Science and Engineering A
Volume	416
Issue number	1-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.10.045
Publication status	Published - 25 Jan 2006
Externally published	Yes

Funding

We are grateful to L. Zhao for assistance with the thermodynamical calculations using MTDATA. We acknowledge the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility for provision of synchrotron radiation facilities and we would like to thank G. Vaughan and A. Götz for assistance in using beamline ID11. This work was financed in part by The Netherlands Foundation for Fundamental Research of Matter (FOM) and the Netherlands Institute for Metals Research (NIMR).

Keywords

Aluminum alloy
DTA
Kinetics
Nucleation
Synchrotron

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Mechanics of Materials
Mechanical Engineering

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10.1016/j.msea.2005.10.045

Cite this

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title = "In situ investigation of the crystallization kinetics and the mechanism of grain refinement in aluminum alloys",

abstract = "The crystallization kinetics during the liquid to solid phase transformation of pure aluminium and various Al-Ti-B alloys is investigated using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (3D XRD). A reduced undercooling required to activate nucleation of aluminum grains is observed, when both solute titanium and TiB2 particles are present in the liquid. The cooling rate dependence of the onset temperature To, the crystallization peak temperature TP, and the latent heat ΔH are evaluated and compared for all samples. The DTA curves for slow cooling of an Al-0.3Ti-0.02B (wt.\%) alloy illustrate the formation of an aluminide phase (TiAl3) upon solidification. A comparison of the DTA curves during slow cooling of the hypoperitectic Al-0.1Ti-0.1TiB2 (wt.\%) and the hyperperitectic Al-0.3Ti-0.02B (wt.\%) alloys seem to exhibit a kinetic similarity at the onset of the solidification. In situ 3D XRD measurements clearly exhibit the formation of a metastable TiAl3 phase prior to solidification of both alloys. This explains the mechanism of grain refinement in the presence of solute titanium and TiB2 particles in the grain refined aluminum alloys. The influence of titanium diffusion, latent heat, and cooling rate on the growth behaviour of individual aluminium grains during the phase transformation is further quantified.",

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author = "N. Iqbal and \{van Dijk\}, \{N. H.\} and Offerman, \{S. E.\} and N. Geerlofs and Moret, \{M. P.\} and L. Katgerman and Kearley, \{G. J.\}",

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AU - Iqbal, N.

AU - van Dijk, N. H.

AU - Offerman, S. E.

AU - Geerlofs, N.

AU - Moret, M. P.

AU - Katgerman, L.

AU - Kearley, G. J.

PY - 2006/1/25

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N2 - The crystallization kinetics during the liquid to solid phase transformation of pure aluminium and various Al-Ti-B alloys is investigated using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (3D XRD). A reduced undercooling required to activate nucleation of aluminum grains is observed, when both solute titanium and TiB2 particles are present in the liquid. The cooling rate dependence of the onset temperature To, the crystallization peak temperature TP, and the latent heat ΔH are evaluated and compared for all samples. The DTA curves for slow cooling of an Al-0.3Ti-0.02B (wt.%) alloy illustrate the formation of an aluminide phase (TiAl3) upon solidification. A comparison of the DTA curves during slow cooling of the hypoperitectic Al-0.1Ti-0.1TiB2 (wt.%) and the hyperperitectic Al-0.3Ti-0.02B (wt.%) alloys seem to exhibit a kinetic similarity at the onset of the solidification. In situ 3D XRD measurements clearly exhibit the formation of a metastable TiAl3 phase prior to solidification of both alloys. This explains the mechanism of grain refinement in the presence of solute titanium and TiB2 particles in the grain refined aluminum alloys. The influence of titanium diffusion, latent heat, and cooling rate on the growth behaviour of individual aluminium grains during the phase transformation is further quantified.

AB - The crystallization kinetics during the liquid to solid phase transformation of pure aluminium and various Al-Ti-B alloys is investigated using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (3D XRD). A reduced undercooling required to activate nucleation of aluminum grains is observed, when both solute titanium and TiB2 particles are present in the liquid. The cooling rate dependence of the onset temperature To, the crystallization peak temperature TP, and the latent heat ΔH are evaluated and compared for all samples. The DTA curves for slow cooling of an Al-0.3Ti-0.02B (wt.%) alloy illustrate the formation of an aluminide phase (TiAl3) upon solidification. A comparison of the DTA curves during slow cooling of the hypoperitectic Al-0.1Ti-0.1TiB2 (wt.%) and the hyperperitectic Al-0.3Ti-0.02B (wt.%) alloys seem to exhibit a kinetic similarity at the onset of the solidification. In situ 3D XRD measurements clearly exhibit the formation of a metastable TiAl3 phase prior to solidification of both alloys. This explains the mechanism of grain refinement in the presence of solute titanium and TiB2 particles in the grain refined aluminum alloys. The influence of titanium diffusion, latent heat, and cooling rate on the growth behaviour of individual aluminium grains during the phase transformation is further quantified.

KW - Aluminum alloy

KW - DTA

KW - Kinetics

KW - Nucleation

KW - Synchrotron

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ER -

In situ investigation of the crystallization kinetics and the mechanism of grain refinement in aluminum alloys

Abstract

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Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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