Improvement of Pharmaceutically Active Materials from the Fruit of the Prickly Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) Using Ultrasound (UAE) and Microwave (MAE) Assisted Extractions

Esraa Badawy; Mircea Vinatoru; Ioan Calinescu; Khaled A. Shams; Nahla S. Abel-Azim; Abdelgawad A. Fahmi; Mariam Abdul-Rahman; Ahmed A. Abd-Rabou; Ahmed R. Hamed; Khaled Mahmoud; Timothy J. Mason; Ibrahim A. Saleh

doi:10.33263/BRIAC135.463

Improvement of Pharmaceutically Active Materials from the Fruit of the Prickly Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) Using Ultrasound (UAE) and Microwave (MAE) Assisted Extractions

Esraa Badawy, Mircea Vinatoru, Ioan Calinescu, Khaled A. Shams, Nahla S. Abel-Azim, Abdelgawad A. Fahmi, Mariam Abdul-Rahman, Ahmed A. Abd-Rabou, Ahmed R. Hamed, Khaled Mahmoud, Timothy J. Mason, Ibrahim A. Saleh

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Abstract

Conventional extraction methods have many limitations and drawbacks, including prolonged extraction time, present safety concerns, and environmental risks with low-quality extracts. We report the use of ultrasonic (UAE) and microwave (MAE) assisted technologies as techniques for improving the extraction of pharmaceutically active materials from Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI), a species of prickly pear. The pulp and peel of the plant fruit were used, and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were evaluated. Antioxidant assay (DPPH) was employed to prescreen different extracts. The Hepa1c1c7 model was used for testing the induction of chemopreventive marker protein NAD (P) H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was performed on RAW 264.7 macrophage model induced for nitric oxide (NO) release in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. In vivo study included testing the therapeutic potential of some extracts on carrageenan-induced paw edema in adult rats. Our data showed that fruit peels had the highest contents of phenolic and flavonoid compounds of OFI extracted using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) at 800 W power for 5 min extraction time (EXM1) with a percentage increase of 74.1% and 115.3%, respectively when compared to conventional maceration. DPPH prescreen revealed the potency of the EXM1 among other tested extracts, recording EC50 148 µg/mL. Although in vitro chemopreventive as an anti-inflammatory model revealed no activity on (NQO1) induction of EXM1, the in vivo model gave positive results. The edema size reduction percentage of EXM1 was 104% after 4 hours. Anti-inflammatory markers indicated that EXM1 inhibited COX-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 more significantly than indomethacin and conventional extraction methods. The data obtained confirmed the beneficial value of MAE and UAE technologies for the extraction of the active material of (OFI).

Original language	English
Article number	463
Journal	Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry
Volume	13
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC135.463
Publication status	Published - 24 Dec 2022

Bibliographical note

© 2022 by the authors. This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of project no. 12020303/20192022, financed by the National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

Funders	Funder number
National Research Centre	12020303, 20192022

Keywords

Opuntia ficus-indica fruit
ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extraction techniques
total phenolic and flavonoid contents
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Biotechnology
Biochemistry
Molecular Medicine
Molecular Biology

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Mason2023VoRFinal published version, 1.06 MBLicence: CC BY

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Badawy, E., Vinatoru, M., Calinescu, I., Shams, K. A., Abel-Azim, N. S., Fahmi, A. A., Abdul-Rahman, M., Abd-Rabou, A. A., Hamed, A. R., Mahmoud, K., Mason, T. J., & Saleh, I. A. (2022). Improvement of Pharmaceutically Active Materials from the Fruit of the Prickly Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) Using Ultrasound (UAE) and Microwave (MAE) Assisted Extractions. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 13(5), Article 463. https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC135.463

Improvement of Pharmaceutically Active Materials from the Fruit of the Prickly Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) Using Ultrasound (UAE) and Microwave (MAE) Assisted Extractions. / Badawy, Esraa; Vinatoru, Mircea; Calinescu, Ioan et al.
In: Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, Vol. 13, No. 5, 463, 24.12.2022.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Badawy, E, Vinatoru, M, Calinescu, I, Shams, KA, Abel-Azim, NS, Fahmi, AA, Abdul-Rahman, M, Abd-Rabou, AA, Hamed, AR, Mahmoud, K, Mason, TJ & Saleh, IA 2022, 'Improvement of Pharmaceutically Active Materials from the Fruit of the Prickly Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) Using Ultrasound (UAE) and Microwave (MAE) Assisted Extractions', Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, vol. 13, no. 5, 463. https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC135.463

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AU - Vinatoru, Mircea

AU - Calinescu, Ioan

AU - Shams, Khaled A.

AU - Abel-Azim, Nahla S.

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AU - Abdul-Rahman, Mariam

AU - Abd-Rabou, Ahmed A.

AU - Hamed, Ahmed R.

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AU - Mason, Timothy J.

AU - Saleh, Ibrahim A.

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N2 - Conventional extraction methods have many limitations and drawbacks, including prolonged extraction time, present safety concerns, and environmental risks with low-quality extracts. We report the use of ultrasonic (UAE) and microwave (MAE) assisted technologies as techniques for improving the extraction of pharmaceutically active materials from Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI), a species of prickly pear. The pulp and peel of the plant fruit were used, and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were evaluated. Antioxidant assay (DPPH) was employed to prescreen different extracts. The Hepa1c1c7 model was used for testing the induction of chemopreventive marker protein NAD (P) H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was performed on RAW 264.7 macrophage model induced for nitric oxide (NO) release in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. In vivo study included testing the therapeutic potential of some extracts on carrageenan-induced paw edema in adult rats. Our data showed that fruit peels had the highest contents of phenolic and flavonoid compounds of OFI extracted using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) at 800 W power for 5 min extraction time (EXM1) with a percentage increase of 74.1% and 115.3%, respectively when compared to conventional maceration. DPPH prescreen revealed the potency of the EXM1 among other tested extracts, recording EC50 148 µg/mL. Although in vitro chemopreventive as an anti-inflammatory model revealed no activity on (NQO1) induction of EXM1, the in vivo model gave positive results. The edema size reduction percentage of EXM1 was 104% after 4 hours. Anti-inflammatory markers indicated that EXM1 inhibited COX-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 more significantly than indomethacin and conventional extraction methods. The data obtained confirmed the beneficial value of MAE and UAE technologies for the extraction of the active material of (OFI).

AB - Conventional extraction methods have many limitations and drawbacks, including prolonged extraction time, present safety concerns, and environmental risks with low-quality extracts. We report the use of ultrasonic (UAE) and microwave (MAE) assisted technologies as techniques for improving the extraction of pharmaceutically active materials from Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI), a species of prickly pear. The pulp and peel of the plant fruit were used, and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were evaluated. Antioxidant assay (DPPH) was employed to prescreen different extracts. The Hepa1c1c7 model was used for testing the induction of chemopreventive marker protein NAD (P) H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was performed on RAW 264.7 macrophage model induced for nitric oxide (NO) release in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. In vivo study included testing the therapeutic potential of some extracts on carrageenan-induced paw edema in adult rats. Our data showed that fruit peels had the highest contents of phenolic and flavonoid compounds of OFI extracted using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) at 800 W power for 5 min extraction time (EXM1) with a percentage increase of 74.1% and 115.3%, respectively when compared to conventional maceration. DPPH prescreen revealed the potency of the EXM1 among other tested extracts, recording EC50 148 µg/mL. Although in vitro chemopreventive as an anti-inflammatory model revealed no activity on (NQO1) induction of EXM1, the in vivo model gave positive results. The edema size reduction percentage of EXM1 was 104% after 4 hours. Anti-inflammatory markers indicated that EXM1 inhibited COX-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 more significantly than indomethacin and conventional extraction methods. The data obtained confirmed the beneficial value of MAE and UAE technologies for the extraction of the active material of (OFI).

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Improvement of Pharmaceutically Active Materials from the Fruit of the Prickly Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) Using Ultrasound (UAE) and Microwave (MAE) Assisted Extractions

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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