Abstract
Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing is increasingly drawing international attention and coastal states strengthen their efforts to address it as a matter of priority due to its severe implications for food, economic, environmental and social security. As the largest archipelagic country in the world, this is especially problematic for Indonesia. In this already complex geographical and security environment, the authors test the hypothesis that IUU fishing and fisheries crime(s) classify as transnational organized criminal activities. The article argues that IUU fishing is much more than simply a fisheries management issue, since it goes hand in hand with fisheries crime. As a result, although the two concepts are quite distinct, they are so closely interlinked and interrelated throughout the entire value chain of marine fisheries, that they can only be managed effectively collectively by understanding them both within the framework of transnational organized crime. To make this argument, the research utilizes qualitative and quantitative data collected from approximately two thousand trafficked fishers, rescued in 2015 from slavery conditions while stranded in two remote Indonesian locations: Benjina on Aru island and on Ambon island. The article’s findings also unveil new trends relating to the inner workings of the illegal fishing industry, in four different, yet interlinked categories: recruitment patterns and target groups; document forgery; forced labor and abuse; and fisheries violations. The paper concludes by confirming the hypothesis and highlights that IUU fishing provides the ideal (illegal) environment for fisheries crimes and other forms of transnational organized crimes to flourish.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 255-273 |
| Number of pages | 19 |
| Journal | Trends in Organized Crime |
| Volume | 22 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| Early online date | 30 Jan 2018 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 15 Sep 2019 |
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Bibliographical note
The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12117-018-9329-8Keywords
- Maritime Security
- Illegal Fishing
- Fisheries Crime
- Transnational Organized crime
- Human Trafficking
- Labor Exploitation
- Indonesia
Cite this
Illegal Fishing and Fisheries Crime as a Transnational Organized Crime in Indonesia. / Chapsos, Ioannis; Hamilton, Steve.
In: Trends in Organized Crime, Vol. 22, No. 3, 15.09.2019, p. 255-273.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Illegal Fishing and Fisheries Crime as a Transnational Organized Crime in Indonesia
AU - Chapsos, Ioannis
AU - Hamilton, Steve
N1 - The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12117-018-9329-8
PY - 2019/9/15
Y1 - 2019/9/15
N2 - Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing is increasingly drawing international attention and coastal states strengthen their efforts to address it as a matter of priority due to its severe implications for food, economic, environmental and social security. As the largest archipelagic country in the world, this is especially problematic for Indonesia. In this already complex geographical and security environment, the authors test the hypothesis that IUU fishing and fisheries crime(s) classify as transnational organized criminal activities. The article argues that IUU fishing is much more than simply a fisheries management issue, since it goes hand in hand with fisheries crime. As a result, although the two concepts are quite distinct, they are so closely interlinked and interrelated throughout the entire value chain of marine fisheries, that they can only be managed effectively collectively by understanding them both within the framework of transnational organized crime. To make this argument, the research utilizes qualitative and quantitative data collected from approximately two thousand trafficked fishers, rescued in 2015 from slavery conditions while stranded in two remote Indonesian locations: Benjina on Aru island and on Ambon island. The article’s findings also unveil new trends relating to the inner workings of the illegal fishing industry, in four different, yet interlinked categories: recruitment patterns and target groups; document forgery; forced labor and abuse; and fisheries violations. The paper concludes by confirming the hypothesis and highlights that IUU fishing provides the ideal (illegal) environment for fisheries crimes and other forms of transnational organized crimes to flourish.
AB - Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing is increasingly drawing international attention and coastal states strengthen their efforts to address it as a matter of priority due to its severe implications for food, economic, environmental and social security. As the largest archipelagic country in the world, this is especially problematic for Indonesia. In this already complex geographical and security environment, the authors test the hypothesis that IUU fishing and fisheries crime(s) classify as transnational organized criminal activities. The article argues that IUU fishing is much more than simply a fisheries management issue, since it goes hand in hand with fisheries crime. As a result, although the two concepts are quite distinct, they are so closely interlinked and interrelated throughout the entire value chain of marine fisheries, that they can only be managed effectively collectively by understanding them both within the framework of transnational organized crime. To make this argument, the research utilizes qualitative and quantitative data collected from approximately two thousand trafficked fishers, rescued in 2015 from slavery conditions while stranded in two remote Indonesian locations: Benjina on Aru island and on Ambon island. The article’s findings also unveil new trends relating to the inner workings of the illegal fishing industry, in four different, yet interlinked categories: recruitment patterns and target groups; document forgery; forced labor and abuse; and fisheries violations. The paper concludes by confirming the hypothesis and highlights that IUU fishing provides the ideal (illegal) environment for fisheries crimes and other forms of transnational organized crimes to flourish.
KW - Maritime Security
KW - Illegal Fishing
KW - Fisheries Crime
KW - Transnational Organized crime
KW - Human Trafficking
KW - Labor Exploitation
KW - Indonesia
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85071298821&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s12117-018-9329-8
DO - 10.1007/s12117-018-9329-8
M3 - Article
VL - 22
SP - 255
EP - 273
JO - Trends in Organized Crime
JF - Trends in Organized Crime
SN - 1084-4791
IS - 3
ER -