Human-Centred Classification of Remote Operation Intervention Scenarios for Automated Vehicles

Marko Medojevic; Adam Bogg; Stewart Birrell; Rav Babbra; Kevin Vincent

doi:10.54941/ahfe1007121

Human-Centred Classification of Remote Operation Intervention Scenarios for Automated Vehicles

Centre for Future Transport and Cities

dRISK Limited

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

Abstract

The deployment of automated vehicles (AVs) offers substantial societal benefits but faces significant challenges, particularly in complex urban environments. Remote operations (ROs) enabled safety interventions serve as a critical intermediary, allowing human operators to intervene when AVs encounter limitations. However, to inform RO workstation design and understand human intervention capabilities, real-world scenario data is critical. To address this gap, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 13 local safety experts at the Birmingham National Exhibition Centre (NEC), UK, resulting in a catalogue of 105 functional scenarios. We identified prevalent scenario types, AV-related challenges, and scenario complexity. These findings inform RO workstation and human machine interface (HMI) design and highlight the need for realworld scenario generation to support RO capability assessment. This study contributes to a framework for enhancing human-AV interactions, understanding RO safety requirements, and advancing ROs.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics International
Subtitle of host publication	Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2026): Disruptive and Innovative Technologies
Publisher	AHFE Conference
Pages	628-638
Number of pages	11
Volume	200
ISBN (Print)	978-1-964867-76-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1007121
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 1 Feb 2026

Bibliographical note

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Keywords

Automated vehicles
Human factors
Human machine interface
Remote operations
Scenario-based design

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Artificial Intelligence
Human-Computer Interaction
Management Science and Operations Research
Engineering (miscellaneous)
Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality

Access to Document

10.54941/ahfe1007121Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

978-1-964867-76-2_62Final published version, 394 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

Medojevic, M., Bogg, A., Birrell, S., Babbra, R., & Vincent, K. (2026). Human-Centred Classification of Remote Operation Intervention Scenarios for Automated Vehicles. In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics International: Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2026): Disruptive and Innovative Technologies (Vol. 200, pp. 628-638). AHFE Conference. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1007121

Human-Centred Classification of Remote Operation Intervention Scenarios for Automated Vehicles. / Medojevic, Marko ; Bogg, Adam ; Birrell, Stewart et al.
Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics International: Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2026): Disruptive and Innovative Technologies. Vol. 200 AHFE Conference, 2026. p. 628-638.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

Medojevic, M , Bogg, A , Birrell, S, Babbra, R & Vincent, K 2026, Human-Centred Classification of Remote Operation Intervention Scenarios for Automated Vehicles. in Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics International: Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2026): Disruptive and Innovative Technologies. vol. 200, AHFE Conference, pp. 628-638. https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1007121

Medojevic M , Bogg A , Birrell S, Babbra R, Vincent K. Human-Centred Classification of Remote Operation Intervention Scenarios for Automated Vehicles. In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics International: Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2026): Disruptive and Innovative Technologies. Vol. 200. AHFE Conference. 2026. p. 628-638 Epub 2026 Feb 1. doi: 10.54941/ahfe1007121

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Human-Centred Classification of Remote Operation Intervention Scenarios for Automated Vehicles

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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