Heteroatom doped-carbon nanospheres as anodes in lithium ion batteries

George S. Pappas; Stefania Ferrari; Xiaobin Huang; Rohit Bhagat; David M. Haddleton; Chaoying Wan

doi:10.3390/ma9010035

Heteroatom doped-carbon nanospheres as anodes in lithium ion batteries

George S. Pappas, Stefania Ferrari, Xiaobin Huang, Rohit Bhagat, David M. Haddleton, Chaoying Wan

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

36 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

Long cycle performance is a crucial requirement in energy storage devices. Newformulations and/or improvement of "conventional" materials have been investigated in order to achieve this target. Here we explore the performance of a novel type of carbon nanospheres (CNSs) with three heteroatom co-doped (nitrogen, phosphorous and sulfur) and high specific surface area as anode materials for lithium ion batteries. The CNSs were obtained from carbonization of highly-crosslinked organo (phosphazene) nanospheres (OPZs) of 300 nm diameter. The OPZs were synthesized via a single and facile step of polycondensation reaction between hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) and 4,41-sulphonyldiphenol (BPS). The X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed a high heteroatom-doping content in the structure of CNSs while the textural evaluation from the N₂ sorption isotherms revealed the presence of micro- and mesopores and a high specific surface area of 875 m²/g. The CNSs anode showed remarkable stability and coulombic efficiency in a long charge-discharge cycling up to 1000 cycles at 1C rate, delivering about 130 mA· h· g^-1. This study represents a step toward smart engineering of inexpensive materials with practical applications for energy devices.

Original language	English
Article number	35
Number of pages	13
Journal	Materials
Volume	9
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9010035
Publication status	Published - 9 Jan 2016
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

© 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Keywords

Carbon nanospheres
Lithium batteries
Organo phosphazene

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Materials Science(all)

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.3390/ma9010035Licence: CC BY

PublishedFinal published version, 2.61 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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AU - Wan, Chaoying

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Heteroatom doped-carbon nanospheres as anodes in lithium ion batteries

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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