Gasoline Particulate Filter wall permeability testing

Svetlana Aleksandrova; Jonathan Saul; Humberto Medina; Oscar Garcia-Afonso; Chunxing Lin; Jose Martin Herreros; Mark Bevan; Stephen Benjamin

doi:10.4271/03-11-05-0039

Gasoline Particulate Filter wall permeability testing

Svetlana Aleksandrova
, Jonathan Saul
, Humberto Medina
, Oscar Garcia-Afonso
, Chunxing Lin
, Jose Martin Herreros
, Mark Bevan
, Stephen Benjamin

College of Engineering, Environment & Science

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)

155 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

With the introduction of particulate matter emissions regulations for
gasoline engines, most car manufacturers are considering using
Gasoline Particulate Filters (GPF). Although very similar to Diesel
Particulate Filters (DPF), GPFs operate at higher temperatures and
generally have thinner monolith walls. In order to estimate the
pressure loss through the filter, filter wall permeability is needed.
This presents a number of challenges since wall losses cannot be
efficiently isolated from other losses in a full scale filter or filter core.
Thin wall wafers have been used for DPF characterisation. However,
GPF wafers are generally thinner, which makes the testing less
straightforward. This paper presents a novel effective methodology
for estimation of GPF wall permeability using thin wafers cut from
the filter monolith. Both cold and hot flow permeability can be
estimated, which allows to account for the change of apparent
permeability due to the slip effect. The flow through the wafer is also
modelled numerically to assess the effect of the uneven wafer surface
resulting from wafer preparation method. A technique for calculating
corrected permeability is suggested which is estimated to provide
values within 5% of the "nominal" value. Combining experimental
results with the applied correction, consistent permeability values
have been obtained for seven wafer samples. Maximum variation in
the permeability values was 10%, with a standard error of ±2.5% of
the mean. Being able to assess filter wall permeability from a simple
cold flow pressure testing procedure will allow development of more
efficient flow and pressure loss models for Gasoline Particulate
Filters, which in turn will facilitate design of efficient aftertreatment
systems with lower back pressure.

Original language	English
Article number	SAE 03-11-05-0039
Pages (from-to)	571-584
Number of pages	14
Journal	SAE International Journal of Engines
Volume	11
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.4271/03-11-05-0039
Publication status	Published - 29 Oct 2018

Bibliographical note

Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.
This document is the author’s post-print version, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer-review process. Some differences between the published version and this version may remain and you are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it.

Keywords

Aftertreatment
Particulate Matter
Particulate Filter
GPF
DPF
Pressure Loss

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Automotive Engineering
Pollution

Access to Document

10.4271/03-11-05-0039

Post-PrintAccepted author manuscript, 2.06 MBLicence: CC BY

https://saemobilus.sae.org/content/03-11-05-0039

8 Citations
1 Article
1 Conference article

Modelling Pressure Losses in Gasoline Particulate Filters in High Flow Regimes and Temperatures
Prantoni, M., Aleksandrova, S., Medina, H., Saul, J., Benjamin, S. & Garcia-Afonso, O., 19 Dec 2019, In: SAE Technical Paper Series. 2019, 14 p., 2019-01-2330.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › peer-review

Open Access
File
4 Link opens in a new tab Citations (Scopus)

215 Downloads (Pure)
Turbulent flow pressure losses in gasoline particulate filters
Aleksandrova, S., Saul, J., Prantoni, M., Medina, H., Garcia-Afonso, O., Bevan, M. & Benjamin, S., 19 Aug 2019, In: SAE International Journal of Engines. 12, 4, p. 455-470 16 p., 03-12-04-0030.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
11 Link opens in a new tab Citations (Scopus)

340 Downloads (Pure)

Cite this

@article{22f4c0a368854dc7af3ee0266e81ea26,

title = "Gasoline Particulate Filter wall permeability testing",

abstract = "With the introduction of particulate matter emissions regulations for gasoline engines, most car manufacturers are considering using Gasoline Particulate Filters (GPF). Although very similar to Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF), GPFs operate at higher temperatures and generally have thinner monolith walls. In order to estimate the pressure loss through the filter, filter wall permeability is needed. This presents a number of challenges since wall losses cannot be efficiently isolated from other losses in a full scale filter or filter core. Thin wall wafers have been used for DPF characterisation. However, GPF wafers are generally thinner, which makes the testing less straightforward. This paper presents a novel effective methodology for estimation of GPF wall permeability using thin wafers cut from the filter monolith. Both cold and hot flow permeability can be estimated, which allows to account for the change of apparent permeability due to the slip effect. The flow through the wafer is also modelled numerically to assess the effect of the uneven wafer surface resulting from wafer preparation method. A technique for calculating corrected permeability is suggested which is estimated to provide values within 5\% of the {"}nominal{"} value. Combining experimental results with the applied correction, consistent permeability values have been obtained for seven wafer samples. Maximum variation in the permeability values was 10\%, with a standard error of ±2.5\% of the mean. Being able to assess filter wall permeability from a simple cold flow pressure testing procedure will allow development of more efficient flow and pressure loss models for Gasoline Particulate Filters, which in turn will facilitate design of efficient aftertreatment systems with lower back pressure.",

keywords = "Aftertreatment, Particulate Matter, Particulate Filter, GPF, DPF, Pressure Loss",

author = "Svetlana Aleksandrova and Jonathan Saul and Humberto Medina and Oscar Garcia-Afonso and Chunxing Lin and Herreros, \{Jose Martin\} and Mark Bevan and Stephen Benjamin",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. This document is the author{\textquoteright}s post-print version, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer-review process. Some differences between the published version and this version may remain and you are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it.",

year = "2018",

month = oct,

day = "29",

doi = "10.4271/03-11-05-0039",

language = "English",

volume = "11",

pages = "571--584",

journal = "SAE International Journal of Engines",

issn = "1946-3944",

publisher = "SAE International",

number = "5",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Gasoline Particulate Filter wall permeability testing

AU - Aleksandrova, Svetlana

AU - Saul, Jonathan

AU - Medina, Humberto

AU - Garcia-Afonso, Oscar

AU - Lin, Chunxing

AU - Herreros, Jose Martin

AU - Bevan, Mark

AU - Benjamin, Stephen

N1 - Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. This document is the author’s post-print version, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer-review process. Some differences between the published version and this version may remain and you are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it.

PY - 2018/10/29

Y1 - 2018/10/29

N2 - With the introduction of particulate matter emissions regulations for gasoline engines, most car manufacturers are considering using Gasoline Particulate Filters (GPF). Although very similar to Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF), GPFs operate at higher temperatures and generally have thinner monolith walls. In order to estimate the pressure loss through the filter, filter wall permeability is needed. This presents a number of challenges since wall losses cannot be efficiently isolated from other losses in a full scale filter or filter core. Thin wall wafers have been used for DPF characterisation. However, GPF wafers are generally thinner, which makes the testing less straightforward. This paper presents a novel effective methodology for estimation of GPF wall permeability using thin wafers cut from the filter monolith. Both cold and hot flow permeability can be estimated, which allows to account for the change of apparent permeability due to the slip effect. The flow through the wafer is also modelled numerically to assess the effect of the uneven wafer surface resulting from wafer preparation method. A technique for calculating corrected permeability is suggested which is estimated to provide values within 5% of the "nominal" value. Combining experimental results with the applied correction, consistent permeability values have been obtained for seven wafer samples. Maximum variation in the permeability values was 10%, with a standard error of ±2.5% of the mean. Being able to assess filter wall permeability from a simple cold flow pressure testing procedure will allow development of more efficient flow and pressure loss models for Gasoline Particulate Filters, which in turn will facilitate design of efficient aftertreatment systems with lower back pressure.

AB - With the introduction of particulate matter emissions regulations for gasoline engines, most car manufacturers are considering using Gasoline Particulate Filters (GPF). Although very similar to Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF), GPFs operate at higher temperatures and generally have thinner monolith walls. In order to estimate the pressure loss through the filter, filter wall permeability is needed. This presents a number of challenges since wall losses cannot be efficiently isolated from other losses in a full scale filter or filter core. Thin wall wafers have been used for DPF characterisation. However, GPF wafers are generally thinner, which makes the testing less straightforward. This paper presents a novel effective methodology for estimation of GPF wall permeability using thin wafers cut from the filter monolith. Both cold and hot flow permeability can be estimated, which allows to account for the change of apparent permeability due to the slip effect. The flow through the wafer is also modelled numerically to assess the effect of the uneven wafer surface resulting from wafer preparation method. A technique for calculating corrected permeability is suggested which is estimated to provide values within 5% of the "nominal" value. Combining experimental results with the applied correction, consistent permeability values have been obtained for seven wafer samples. Maximum variation in the permeability values was 10%, with a standard error of ±2.5% of the mean. Being able to assess filter wall permeability from a simple cold flow pressure testing procedure will allow development of more efficient flow and pressure loss models for Gasoline Particulate Filters, which in turn will facilitate design of efficient aftertreatment systems with lower back pressure.

KW - Aftertreatment

KW - Particulate Matter

KW - Particulate Filter

KW - GPF

KW - DPF

KW - Pressure Loss

U2 - 10.4271/03-11-05-0039

DO - 10.4271/03-11-05-0039

M3 - Article

SN - 1946-3944

VL - 11

SP - 571

EP - 584

JO - SAE International Journal of Engines

JF - SAE International Journal of Engines

IS - 5

M1 - SAE 03-11-05-0039

ER -

Gasoline Particulate Filter wall permeability testing

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Research output

Modelling Pressure Losses in Gasoline Particulate Filters in High Flow Regimes and Temperatures

Turbulent flow pressure losses in gasoline particulate filters

Cite this