Extending the environmental benefits of ethanol–diesel blends through DGE incorporation

Martin Herreros; K. Schroer; E. Sukjit; A. Tsolakis

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.075

Extending the environmental benefits of ethanol–diesel blends through DGE incorporation

Martin Herreros, K. Schroer, E. Sukjit, A. Tsolakis

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Abstract

The research focuses on the potential use of DGE (diethylene glycol diethyl ether), as a high-cetane number oxygenated additive to diesel-like fuels. Apart from evaluating its individual effects an investigation of how DGE can facilitate the use of bio-ethanol in diesel engines was conducted; which faces many technical difficulties, but can provide environmental advantages over biodiesel and conventional diesel fuel. Four partly renewable fuel blends with varying contents of DGE and ethanol were designed with overall diesel-replacement rate of 20%. DGE was found to reduce gaseous emissions, achieving a simultaneous reduction in both soot and NOx which highlighted the beneficial effects of its high cetane number and oxygen content. In ethanol–diesel blends small additions of DGE significantly enhanced blend stability and blend auto-ignition properties. Improvements in the NOx/soot trade-off characteristics were obtained for all blends. All tested blends produced lower particulate matter number concentrations and soot with characteristics that reduced their oxidation temperatures, hence providing benefits for diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration. Overall it was found that DGE fuel provides considerable energy and environmental benefits if used both as a single oxygenate with diesel or in multicomponent blends with ethanol and diesel.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	335–343
Journal	Applied Energy
Volume	146
Early online date	7 Mar 2015
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.075
Publication status	Published - 15 May 2015

Bibliographical note

NOTICE: This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Applied Energy. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Applied Energy, [146, 2015] DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.075

© 2015, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Keywords

Diesel combustion
Ether
Ethanol blends
NOx–soot trade-off
Soot oxidation

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.075

Herreros ApplEnergy 146 335 2015Accepted author manuscript, 924 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

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title = "Extending the environmental benefits of ethanol–diesel blends through DGE incorporation",

abstract = "The research focuses on the potential use of DGE (diethylene glycol diethyl ether), as a high-cetane number oxygenated additive to diesel-like fuels. Apart from evaluating its individual effects an investigation of how DGE can facilitate the use of bio-ethanol in diesel engines was conducted; which faces many technical difficulties, but can provide environmental advantages over biodiesel and conventional diesel fuel. Four partly renewable fuel blends with varying contents of DGE and ethanol were designed with overall diesel-replacement rate of 20%. DGE was found to reduce gaseous emissions, achieving a simultaneous reduction in both soot and NOx which highlighted the beneficial effects of its high cetane number and oxygen content. In ethanol–diesel blends small additions of DGE significantly enhanced blend stability and blend auto-ignition properties. Improvements in the NOx/soot trade-off characteristics were obtained for all blends. All tested blends produced lower particulate matter number concentrations and soot with characteristics that reduced their oxidation temperatures, hence providing benefits for diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration. Overall it was found that DGE fuel provides considerable energy and environmental benefits if used both as a single oxygenate with diesel or in multicomponent blends with ethanol and diesel. ",

keywords = "Diesel combustion, Ether, Ethanol blends, NOx–soot trade-off, Soot oxidation",

author = "Martin Herreros and K. Schroer and E. Sukjit and A. Tsolakis",

note = "NOTICE: This is the author{\textquoteright}s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Applied Energy. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Applied Energy, [146, 2015] DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.075 {\textcopyright} 2015, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",

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AU - Schroer, K.

AU - Sukjit, E.

AU - Tsolakis, A.

N1 - NOTICE: This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Applied Energy. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Applied Energy, [146, 2015] DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.075 © 2015, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

PY - 2015/5/15

Y1 - 2015/5/15

N2 - The research focuses on the potential use of DGE (diethylene glycol diethyl ether), as a high-cetane number oxygenated additive to diesel-like fuels. Apart from evaluating its individual effects an investigation of how DGE can facilitate the use of bio-ethanol in diesel engines was conducted; which faces many technical difficulties, but can provide environmental advantages over biodiesel and conventional diesel fuel. Four partly renewable fuel blends with varying contents of DGE and ethanol were designed with overall diesel-replacement rate of 20%. DGE was found to reduce gaseous emissions, achieving a simultaneous reduction in both soot and NOx which highlighted the beneficial effects of its high cetane number and oxygen content. In ethanol–diesel blends small additions of DGE significantly enhanced blend stability and blend auto-ignition properties. Improvements in the NOx/soot trade-off characteristics were obtained for all blends. All tested blends produced lower particulate matter number concentrations and soot with characteristics that reduced their oxidation temperatures, hence providing benefits for diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration. Overall it was found that DGE fuel provides considerable energy and environmental benefits if used both as a single oxygenate with diesel or in multicomponent blends with ethanol and diesel.

AB - The research focuses on the potential use of DGE (diethylene glycol diethyl ether), as a high-cetane number oxygenated additive to diesel-like fuels. Apart from evaluating its individual effects an investigation of how DGE can facilitate the use of bio-ethanol in diesel engines was conducted; which faces many technical difficulties, but can provide environmental advantages over biodiesel and conventional diesel fuel. Four partly renewable fuel blends with varying contents of DGE and ethanol were designed with overall diesel-replacement rate of 20%. DGE was found to reduce gaseous emissions, achieving a simultaneous reduction in both soot and NOx which highlighted the beneficial effects of its high cetane number and oxygen content. In ethanol–diesel blends small additions of DGE significantly enhanced blend stability and blend auto-ignition properties. Improvements in the NOx/soot trade-off characteristics were obtained for all blends. All tested blends produced lower particulate matter number concentrations and soot with characteristics that reduced their oxidation temperatures, hence providing benefits for diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration. Overall it was found that DGE fuel provides considerable energy and environmental benefits if used both as a single oxygenate with diesel or in multicomponent blends with ethanol and diesel.

KW - Diesel combustion

KW - Ether

KW - Ethanol blends

KW - NOx–soot trade-off

KW - Soot oxidation

U2 - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.075

DO - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.075

M3 - Article

SN - 1872-9118

VL - 146

SP - 335

EP - 343

JO - Applied Energy

JF - Applied Energy

ER -

Extending the environmental benefits of ethanol–diesel blends through DGE incorporation

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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