Enhancement of surface hardness and metallurgical properties of AISI 410 by laser hardening process; diode and Nd:YAG lasers

Mahmoud Moradi; Hossein Arabi; Mojtaba Karami Moghadam; Khaled Y. Benyounis

doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.05.057

Enhancement of surface hardness and metallurgical properties of AISI 410 by laser hardening process; diode and Nd:YAG lasers

Mahmoud Moradi, Hossein Arabi, Mojtaba Karami Moghadam, Khaled Y. Benyounis

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Abstract

This paper investigates the experimental study of laser surface hardening (LSH)of AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel by using two industrial lasers; 1600 W high power diode laser and 700 W Nd:YAG laser. The influence of the distribution and shape of the laser beam; Top-hat in diode laser and Gaussian distribution in Nd:YAG laser, have been investigated on the micro-hardness, geometrical dimensions of the hardened area (depth and width), microhardness deviation (MHD)from the base metal in width and depth of hardened layer, and the ferrite phase percentage. Microstructure evaluation of the laser hardened zones were performed using optical and FE-SEM. Results show that the diode laser creates a higher surface hardness, more depth and width of hardness, more MHD in depth and width and less ferrite phase than the Nd:YAG laser, which is because of lower wavelength of diode laser (808 nm)than Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm)that lead to higher laser energy absorption. Observations indicate that hardened layer of diode laser is about 620 HV0.3 with 1.8 mm depth, while for Nd:YAG laser is about 598 HV0.3 with 0.211 mm depth.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	277-286
Number of pages	10
Journal	Optik
Volume	188
Early online date	21 May 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.05.057
Publication status	Published - 1 Jul 2019
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Optik. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Optik, 188, (2019) DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.05.057

© 2019, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Keywords

AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel
Diode laser
Laser surface hardening
Micro hardness
Nd:YAG laser

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10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.05.057

Post-PrintAccepted author manuscript, 1.54 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

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title = "Enhancement of surface hardness and metallurgical properties of AISI 410 by laser hardening process; diode and Nd:YAG lasers",

abstract = "This paper investigates the experimental study of laser surface hardening (LSH)of AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel by using two industrial lasers; 1600 W high power diode laser and 700 W Nd:YAG laser. The influence of the distribution and shape of the laser beam; Top-hat in diode laser and Gaussian distribution in Nd:YAG laser, have been investigated on the micro-hardness, geometrical dimensions of the hardened area (depth and width), microhardness deviation (MHD)from the base metal in width and depth of hardened layer, and the ferrite phase percentage. Microstructure evaluation of the laser hardened zones were performed using optical and FE-SEM. Results show that the diode laser creates a higher surface hardness, more depth and width of hardness, more MHD in depth and width and less ferrite phase than the Nd:YAG laser, which is because of lower wavelength of diode laser (808 nm)than Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm)that lead to higher laser energy absorption. Observations indicate that hardened layer of diode laser is about 620 HV0.3 with 1.8 mm depth, while for Nd:YAG laser is about 598 HV0.3 with 0.211 mm depth.",

keywords = "AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel, Diode laser, Laser surface hardening, Micro hardness, Nd:YAG laser",

author = "Mahmoud Moradi and Hossein Arabi and {Karami Moghadam}, Mojtaba and Benyounis, {Khaled Y.}",

note = "NOTICE: this is the author{\textquoteright}s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Optik. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Optik, 188, (2019) DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.05.057 {\textcopyright} 2019, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ",

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doi = "10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.05.057",

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T1 - Enhancement of surface hardness and metallurgical properties of AISI 410 by laser hardening process; diode and Nd:YAG lasers

AU - Moradi, Mahmoud

AU - Arabi, Hossein

AU - Karami Moghadam, Mojtaba

AU - Benyounis, Khaled Y.

N1 - NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Optik. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Optik, 188, (2019) DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.05.057 © 2019, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

PY - 2019/7/1

Y1 - 2019/7/1

N2 - This paper investigates the experimental study of laser surface hardening (LSH)of AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel by using two industrial lasers; 1600 W high power diode laser and 700 W Nd:YAG laser. The influence of the distribution and shape of the laser beam; Top-hat in diode laser and Gaussian distribution in Nd:YAG laser, have been investigated on the micro-hardness, geometrical dimensions of the hardened area (depth and width), microhardness deviation (MHD)from the base metal in width and depth of hardened layer, and the ferrite phase percentage. Microstructure evaluation of the laser hardened zones were performed using optical and FE-SEM. Results show that the diode laser creates a higher surface hardness, more depth and width of hardness, more MHD in depth and width and less ferrite phase than the Nd:YAG laser, which is because of lower wavelength of diode laser (808 nm)than Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm)that lead to higher laser energy absorption. Observations indicate that hardened layer of diode laser is about 620 HV0.3 with 1.8 mm depth, while for Nd:YAG laser is about 598 HV0.3 with 0.211 mm depth.

AB - This paper investigates the experimental study of laser surface hardening (LSH)of AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel by using two industrial lasers; 1600 W high power diode laser and 700 W Nd:YAG laser. The influence of the distribution and shape of the laser beam; Top-hat in diode laser and Gaussian distribution in Nd:YAG laser, have been investigated on the micro-hardness, geometrical dimensions of the hardened area (depth and width), microhardness deviation (MHD)from the base metal in width and depth of hardened layer, and the ferrite phase percentage. Microstructure evaluation of the laser hardened zones were performed using optical and FE-SEM. Results show that the diode laser creates a higher surface hardness, more depth and width of hardness, more MHD in depth and width and less ferrite phase than the Nd:YAG laser, which is because of lower wavelength of diode laser (808 nm)than Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm)that lead to higher laser energy absorption. Observations indicate that hardened layer of diode laser is about 620 HV0.3 with 1.8 mm depth, while for Nd:YAG laser is about 598 HV0.3 with 0.211 mm depth.

KW - AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel

KW - Diode laser

KW - Laser surface hardening

KW - Micro hardness

KW - Nd:YAG laser

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/c0f45dfa-663f-3f47-8b56-a43c5422c1da/

U2 - 10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.05.057

DO - 10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.05.057

M3 - Article

SN - 0030-4026

VL - 188

SP - 277

EP - 286

JO - Optik

JF - Optik

ER -

Enhancement of surface hardness and metallurgical properties of AISI 410 by laser hardening process; diode and Nd:YAG lasers

Abstract

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