Emotions for intelligent agents in crisis management simulations: A survey

Michael Loizou; Thomas Hartley; Sarah Slater; Robert Newman; Lucia Pannese

doi:10.1109/CGames.2012.6314578

Emotions for intelligent agents in crisis management simulations: A survey

Michael Loizou, Thomas Hartley, Sarah Slater, Robert Newman, Lucia Pannese

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Intelligent agents or non-player characters (NPCs) in human interaction scenarios are required to react in ways that are consistent to the training scenario. In many cases these NPCs are controlled by a simple state machine and scripts. The use of these techniques leads to responses that are of poor quality and machine driven. In our work we aim to design a model for incorporating emotional enhancements (concentrating on negative primary emotions such as anger and sadness and also looking at secondary emotions such as anxiety and fear) into intelligent agents. The model will allow NCPs in virtual training applications to simulate human behaviour in crisis management. In this paper, we review current research on models of emotions for intelligent agents in crisis simulations. We identify and discuss key challenges in the area, the psychological theories and contexts in which the models are used and promising research directions.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2012 17th International Conference on Computer Games (CGAMES)
Editors	Quasim Mehdi, Adel Elmaghraby, Ian Marshall, Robert Moreton, Rammohan Ragade, Begoña García Zapirain, Julia Chariker, Mostafa El-Said, Roman Yampolskiy, Nickola Li Zhigiang
Publisher	IEEE
Pages	213-219
Number of pages	7
ISBN (Print)	9781467311199
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/CGames.2012.6314578
Publication status	Published - 2012
Event	CGAMES 2012 USA - Louisville, United States Duration: 30 Jul 2012 → 1 Aug 2012

Conference

Conference	CGAMES 2012 USA
Country/Territory	United States
City	Louisville
Period	30/07/12 → 1/08/12

Keywords

Adaptation models
Computer architecture
Psychology
Appraisal
Games
Humans
Computational modeling

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10.1109/CGames.2012.6314578

Cite this

Loizou, M., Hartley, T., Slater, S., Newman, R., & Pannese, L. (2012). Emotions for intelligent agents in crisis management simulations: A survey. In Q. Mehdi, A. Elmaghraby, I. Marshall, R. Moreton, R. Ragade, B. G. Zapirain, J. Chariker, M. El-Said, R. Yampolskiy, & N. L. Zhigiang (Eds.), 2012 17th International Conference on Computer Games (CGAMES) (pp. 213-219). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/CGames.2012.6314578

Emotions for intelligent agents in crisis management simulations : A survey. / Loizou, Michael; Hartley, Thomas; Slater, Sarah; Newman, Robert; Pannese, Lucia.

2012 17th International Conference on Computer Games (CGAMES). ed. / Quasim Mehdi; Adel Elmaghraby; Ian Marshall; Robert Moreton; Rammohan Ragade; Begoña García Zapirain; Julia Chariker; Mostafa El-Said; Roman Yampolskiy; Nickola Li Zhigiang. IEEE, 2012. p. 213-219.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

Loizou, M, Hartley, T, Slater, S, Newman, R & Pannese, L 2012, Emotions for intelligent agents in crisis management simulations: A survey. in Q Mehdi, A Elmaghraby, I Marshall, R Moreton, R Ragade, BG Zapirain, J Chariker, M El-Said, R Yampolskiy & NL Zhigiang (eds), 2012 17th International Conference on Computer Games (CGAMES). IEEE, pp. 213-219, CGAMES 2012 USA, Louisville, United States, 30/07/12. https://doi.org/10.1109/CGames.2012.6314578

Loizou M, Hartley T, Slater S, Newman R, Pannese L. Emotions for intelligent agents in crisis management simulations: A survey. In Mehdi Q, Elmaghraby A, Marshall I, Moreton R, Ragade R, Zapirain BG, Chariker J, El-Said M, Yampolskiy R, Zhigiang NL, editors, 2012 17th International Conference on Computer Games (CGAMES). IEEE. 2012. p. 213-219 https://doi.org/10.1109/CGames.2012.6314578

Loizou, Michael ; Hartley, Thomas ; Slater, Sarah ; Newman, Robert ; Pannese, Lucia. / Emotions for intelligent agents in crisis management simulations : A survey. 2012 17th International Conference on Computer Games (CGAMES). editor / Quasim Mehdi ; Adel Elmaghraby ; Ian Marshall ; Robert Moreton ; Rammohan Ragade ; Begoña García Zapirain ; Julia Chariker ; Mostafa El-Said ; Roman Yampolskiy ; Nickola Li Zhigiang. IEEE, 2012. pp. 213-219

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abstract = "Intelligent agents or non-player characters (NPCs) in human interaction scenarios are required to react in ways that are consistent to the training scenario. In many cases these NPCs are controlled by a simple state machine and scripts. The use of these techniques leads to responses that are of poor quality and machine driven. In our work we aim to design a model for incorporating emotional enhancements (concentrating on negative primary emotions such as anger and sadness and also looking at secondary emotions such as anxiety and fear) into intelligent agents. The model will allow NCPs in virtual training applications to simulate human behaviour in crisis management. In this paper, we review current research on models of emotions for intelligent agents in crisis simulations. We identify and discuss key challenges in the area, the psychological theories and contexts in which the models are used and promising research directions.",

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AB - Intelligent agents or non-player characters (NPCs) in human interaction scenarios are required to react in ways that are consistent to the training scenario. In many cases these NPCs are controlled by a simple state machine and scripts. The use of these techniques leads to responses that are of poor quality and machine driven. In our work we aim to design a model for incorporating emotional enhancements (concentrating on negative primary emotions such as anger and sadness and also looking at secondary emotions such as anxiety and fear) into intelligent agents. The model will allow NCPs in virtual training applications to simulate human behaviour in crisis management. In this paper, we review current research on models of emotions for intelligent agents in crisis simulations. We identify and discuss key challenges in the area, the psychological theories and contexts in which the models are used and promising research directions.

KW - Adaptation models

KW - Computer architecture

KW - Psychology

KW - Appraisal

KW - Games

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BT - 2012 17th International Conference on Computer Games (CGAMES)

A2 - Mehdi, Quasim

A2 - Elmaghraby, Adel

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A2 - Moreton, Robert

A2 - Ragade, Rammohan

A2 - Zapirain, Begoña García

A2 - Chariker, Julia

A2 - El-Said, Mostafa

A2 - Yampolskiy, Roman

A2 - Zhigiang, Nickola Li

PB - IEEE

Y2 - 30 July 2012 through 1 August 2012

ER -

Emotions for intelligent agents in crisis management simulations: A survey

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