Digital Twinning for Crisis Response in Transport-based Scenarios: Establishing the Opportunities, Challenges, Vulnerabilities, and Risks

This review focuses on the literature surrounding digital twins for crisis response and resilience. In total, 56 articles were gathered, reviewed, summarised, compiled and
analysed based on their relevance to the DTBOC project.
We found significant progress in the literature in recent years, particularly in the context of smart cities. However, the scope of digital twins extends far beyond urban management. Applications include training first responders in simulated crisis scenarios; enhancing data availability and sharing among response stakeholders; providing real-time situational awareness to decision-makers; and enabling more efficient resource allocation during emergencies.