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Dietary intakes and food sources of phytoestrogens in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) 24-hour dietary recall cohort

  • R. Zamora-Ros
  • , V. Knaze
  • , L. Luján-Barroso
  • , G. G C Kuhnle
  • , A. A. Mulligan
  • , M. Touillaud
  • , N. Slimani
  • , I. Romieu
  • , N. Powell
  • , R. Tumino
  • , P. H M Peeters
  • , M. S. De Magistris
  • , F. Ricceri
  • , E. Sonestedt
  • , I. Drake
  • , A. Hjartker
  • , G. Skie
  • , T. Mouw
  • , P. A. Wark
  • , D. Romaguera
  • H. B. Bueno-De-Mesquita, M. Ros, E. Molina, S. Sieri, J. R. Quirós, J. M. Huerta, A. Tjønneland, J. Halkjær, G. Masala, B. Teucher, R. Kaas, R. C. Travis, V. Dilis, V. Benetou, A. Trichopoulou, P. Amiano, E. Ardanaz, H. Boeing, J. Förster, F. Clavel-Chapelon, G. Fagherazzi, F. Perquier, G. Johansson, I. Johansson, A. Cassidy, K. Overvad, C. A. González
    • Catalan Institute of Oncology
    • University of Reading
    • University of Cambridge
    • International Agency for Research on Cancer
    • Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Ragusa (ASP Ragusa)
    • Federico II University
    • HuGeF Foundation
    • Lund University
    • University of Oslo
    • University of Tromsø
    • University of Utrecht
    • Radboud University Medical Center
    • CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)
    • Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori
    • Public Health and Health Planning Directorate
    • Murcia Regional Health Authority
    • Institute of Cancer Epidemiology - Denmark
    • Institute for the Study and Prevention of Cancer
    • German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
    • University of Oxford
    • Hellenic Health Foundation
    • National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
    • Institute Investigation BioDonostia
    • Navarra Public Health Institute
    • German Institute of Human Nutrition
    • Université Paris-Sud
    • Umeå University
    • University of East Anglia
    • Aarhus University
    • National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
    • Andalusian School of Public Health
    • Institut Gustave Roussy
    • Imperial College London

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    Abstract

    BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Phytoestrogens are estradiol-like natural compounds found in plants that have been associated with protective effects against chronic diseases, including some cancers, cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to estimate the dietary intake of phytoestrogens, identify their food sources and their association with lifestyle factors in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

    SUBJECTS/METHODS:Single 24-hour dietary recalls were collected from 36 037 individuals from 10 European countries, aged 35-74 years using a standardized computerized interview programe (EPIC-Soft). An ad hoc food composition database on phytoestrogens (isoflavones, lignans, coumestans, enterolignans and equol) was compiled using data from available databases, in order to obtain and describe phytoestrogen intakes and their food sources across 27 redefined EPIC centres.

    RESULTS:Mean total phytoestrogen intake was the highest in the UK health-conscious group (24.9 mg/day in men and 21.1 mg/day in women) whereas lowest in Greece (1.3 mg/day) in men and Spain-Granada (1.0 mg/day) in women. Northern European countries had higher intakes than southern countries. The main phytoestrogen contributors were isoflavones in both UK centres and lignans in the other EPIC cohorts. Age, body mass index, educational level, smoking status and physical activity were related to increased intakes of lignans, enterolignans and equol, but not to total phytoestrogen, isoflavone or coumestan intakes. In the UK cohorts, the major food sources of phytoestrogens were soy products. In the other EPIC cohorts the dietary sources were more distributed, among fruits, vegetables, soy products, cereal products, non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages.

    CONCLUSIONS:There was a high variability in the dietary intake of total and phytoestrogen subclasses and their food sources across European regions.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)932-941
    Number of pages10
    JournalEuropean Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    Volume66
    Issue number8
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 18 Aug 2012

    UN SDGs

    This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

    1. SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
      SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

    Keywords

    • EPIC-Europe
    • food sources
    • intake
    • phytoestrogens

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Medicine (miscellaneous)
    • Nutrition and Dietetics

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