Degradation of 4-nonylphenol, 4-t-octylphenol, bisphenol A and triclosan following biosolids addition to soil under laboratory conditions

K. A. Langdon; M. S J Warne; R. J. Smernik; A. Shareef; R. S. Kookana

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.053

Degradation of 4-nonylphenol, 4-t-octylphenol, bisphenol A and triclosan following biosolids addition to soil under laboratory conditions

K. A. Langdon
, M. S J Warne
, R. J. Smernik
, A. Shareef
, R. S. Kookana

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

43 Citations (Scopus)

86 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Land application of biosolids is common practice in many countries, however, there are some potential risks associated with the presence of contaminants within the biosolids. This laboratory study examined the degradation of four commonly found organic compounds, 4-nonylphenol, 4-t-octylphenol, bisphenol A, and triclosan, in soil following the addition of two biosolids over 32. weeks. The pattern of degradation was assessed to determine if it followed a standard first-order decay model or if a biphasic model with a degrading and a recalcitrant fraction better described the data. The time taken for the initial concentrations to decrease by 50% (DT50), based on a first-order model, was 12-25. d for 4-nonylphenol, 10-14. d for 4-t-octylphenol, 18-102. d for bisphenol A, and 73-301. d for triclosan. For 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol A and triclosan, the biphasic model fitted the degradation data better than the first-order model, indicating the presence of a degrading fraction and a non-degrading recalcitrant fraction. The recalcitrant fraction for these three compounds at the completion of the 32. week experiment was 17-21%, 24-42%, and 30-51% of the initial concentrations, respectively. For 4-t-octylphenol, the first-order model was sufficient in explaining the degradation data, indicating that no recalcitrant fraction was present. This study showed that biphasic degradation occurred for some organic compounds in biosolids amended soil and that the use of standard first-order degradation models may underestimate the persistence of some organic compounds following land application of biosolids.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1556-1562
Number of pages	7
Journal	Chemosphere
Volume	84
Issue number	11
Early online date	23 Jun 2011
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.053
Publication status	Published - 1 Sept 2011
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Chemosphere. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Chemosphere, 84:11, (2011) DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.053

© 2011, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Funding

The principal author (KL) wishes to acknowledge the financial support of Water Quality Research Australia (WQRA) (formerly the Co-operative Research Centre for Water Quality and Treatment – CRCWQT), Western Australia Water Corporation, Victorian Department of Human Services and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). Appendix A

Keywords

4-nonylphenol
4-t-octylphenol
Biosolids
Bisphenol A
Soil degradation
Triclosan

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Environmental Chemistry
General Chemistry

Access to Document

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.053

Post-PrintAccepted author manuscript, 718 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

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title = "Degradation of 4-nonylphenol, 4-t-octylphenol, bisphenol A and triclosan following biosolids addition to soil under laboratory conditions",

abstract = "Land application of biosolids is common practice in many countries, however, there are some potential risks associated with the presence of contaminants within the biosolids. This laboratory study examined the degradation of four commonly found organic compounds, 4-nonylphenol, 4-t-octylphenol, bisphenol A, and triclosan, in soil following the addition of two biosolids over 32. weeks. The pattern of degradation was assessed to determine if it followed a standard first-order decay model or if a biphasic model with a degrading and a recalcitrant fraction better described the data. The time taken for the initial concentrations to decrease by 50\% (DT50), based on a first-order model, was 12-25. d for 4-nonylphenol, 10-14. d for 4-t-octylphenol, 18-102. d for bisphenol A, and 73-301. d for triclosan. For 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol A and triclosan, the biphasic model fitted the degradation data better than the first-order model, indicating the presence of a degrading fraction and a non-degrading recalcitrant fraction. The recalcitrant fraction for these three compounds at the completion of the 32. week experiment was 17-21\%, 24-42\%, and 30-51\% of the initial concentrations, respectively. For 4-t-octylphenol, the first-order model was sufficient in explaining the degradation data, indicating that no recalcitrant fraction was present. This study showed that biphasic degradation occurred for some organic compounds in biosolids amended soil and that the use of standard first-order degradation models may underestimate the persistence of some organic compounds following land application of biosolids.",

keywords = "4-nonylphenol, 4-t-octylphenol, Biosolids, Bisphenol A, Soil degradation, Triclosan",

author = "Langdon, \{K. A.\} and Warne, \{M. S J\} and Smernik, \{R. J.\} and A. Shareef and Kookana, \{R. S.\}",

note = "NOTICE: this is the author{\textquoteright}s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Chemosphere. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Chemosphere, 84:11, (2011) DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.053 {\textcopyright} 2011, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ",

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AU - Langdon, K. A.

AU - Warne, M. S J

AU - Smernik, R. J.

AU - Shareef, A.

AU - Kookana, R. S.

N1 - NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Chemosphere. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Chemosphere, 84:11, (2011) DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.053 © 2011, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

PY - 2011/9/1

Y1 - 2011/9/1

N2 - Land application of biosolids is common practice in many countries, however, there are some potential risks associated with the presence of contaminants within the biosolids. This laboratory study examined the degradation of four commonly found organic compounds, 4-nonylphenol, 4-t-octylphenol, bisphenol A, and triclosan, in soil following the addition of two biosolids over 32. weeks. The pattern of degradation was assessed to determine if it followed a standard first-order decay model or if a biphasic model with a degrading and a recalcitrant fraction better described the data. The time taken for the initial concentrations to decrease by 50% (DT50), based on a first-order model, was 12-25. d for 4-nonylphenol, 10-14. d for 4-t-octylphenol, 18-102. d for bisphenol A, and 73-301. d for triclosan. For 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol A and triclosan, the biphasic model fitted the degradation data better than the first-order model, indicating the presence of a degrading fraction and a non-degrading recalcitrant fraction. The recalcitrant fraction for these three compounds at the completion of the 32. week experiment was 17-21%, 24-42%, and 30-51% of the initial concentrations, respectively. For 4-t-octylphenol, the first-order model was sufficient in explaining the degradation data, indicating that no recalcitrant fraction was present. This study showed that biphasic degradation occurred for some organic compounds in biosolids amended soil and that the use of standard first-order degradation models may underestimate the persistence of some organic compounds following land application of biosolids.

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KW - 4-nonylphenol

KW - 4-t-octylphenol

KW - Biosolids

KW - Bisphenol A

KW - Soil degradation

KW - Triclosan

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JO - Chemosphere

JF - Chemosphere

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ER -

Degradation of 4-nonylphenol, 4-t-octylphenol, bisphenol A and triclosan following biosolids addition to soil under laboratory conditions

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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