Cardiopulmonary and metabolic physiology during hemodialysis and inter-/intra-dialytic exercise

Scott McGuire, Elizabeth Jane Horton, Derek Renshaw, Klaris Chan, Nithya Krishnan, Gordon McGregor

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)
130 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Hemodialysis is associated with numerous symptoms and side effects that, in part, may be due to subclinical hypoxia. However, acute cardiopulmonary and metabolic physiology during hemodialysis is not well defined. Intradialytic and interdialytic exercise appear to be beneficial and may alleviate these side effects. To better understand these potential benefits, the acute physiological response to exercise should be evaluated. The aim of this study was to compare and characterize the acute physiological response during hemodialysis, intradialytic exercise, and interdialytic exercise. Cardiopulmonary physiology was evaluated during three conditions: 1) hemodialysis without exercise (HD), 2) intradialytic exercise (IDEx), and 3) interdialytic exercise (Ex). Exercise consisted of 30-min constant load cycle ergometry at 90% V̇O2AT (anaerobic threshold). Central hemodynamics (via noninvasive bioreactance) and ventilatory gas exchange were recorded during each experimental condition. Twenty participants (59 ± 12 yr, 16/20 male) completed the protocol. Cardiac output (Δ = -0.7 L/min), O2 uptake (Δ = -1.4 mL/kg/min), and arterial-venous O2 difference (Δ = -2.0 mL/O2/100 mL) decreased significantly during HD. Respiratory exchange ratio exceeded 1.0 throughout HD and IDEx. Minute ventilation was lower (P = 0.001) during IDEx (16.5 ± 1.1 L/min) compared with Ex (19.8 ± 1.0 L/min). Arterial-venous O2 difference was partially restored further to IDEx (4.6 ± 1.9 mL/O2/100 mL) compared with HD (3.5 ± 1.2 mL/O2/100 mL). Hemodialysis altered cardiopulmonary and metabolic physiology, suggestive of hypoxia. This dysregulated physiology contributed to a greater physiological demand during intradialytic exercise compared with interdialytic exercise. Despite this, intradialytic exercise partly normalized cardiopulmonary physiology during treatment, which may translate to a reduction in the symptoms and side effects of hemodialysis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first, to our knowledge, to directly compare cardiopulmonary and metabolic physiology during hemodialysis, intradialytic exercise, and interdialytic exercise. Hemodialysis was associated with increased respiratory exchange ratio, blunted minute ventilation, and impaired O2 uptake and extraction. We also identified a reduced ventilatory response during intradialytic exercise compared with interdialytic exercise. Impaired arterial-venous O2 difference during hemodialysis was partly restored by intradialytic exercise. Despite dysregulated cardiopulmonary and metabolic physiology during hemodialysis, intradialytic exercise was well tolerated.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1033-1042
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of Applied Physiology
Volume130
Issue number4
Early online date28 Jan 2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Apr 2021

Keywords

  • NICOM, non-invasive cardiac output monitor
  • VE, minute ventilation
  • (a-v) O2 difference, arterial-venous O2 difference
  • CPEX, cardiopulmonary exercise test
  • • IDEx, constant load exercise during hemodialysis
  • constant load exercise during hemodialysis
  • noninvasive cardiac output monitor
  • NICOM
  • IDEx
  • minute ventilation
  • VE
  • (a-v) O2 difference
  • arterial-venous O2 difference
  • cardiopulmonary exercise test
  • CPEX

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Physiology (medical)
  • Physiology

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