Cannabis de-domestication and invasion risk

Susan Canavan; Z. T.  Brym; Giuseppe Brundu; Katharina Dehnen-Schmutz; D Lieurance; T.  Petri; W. H.  Wadlington; John R.U. Wilson; S. L.  Flory

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109709

Cannabis de-domestication and invasion risk

Susan Canavan, Z. T. Brym, Giuseppe Brundu, Katharina Dehnen-Schmutz, D Lieurance, T. Petri, W. H. Wadlington, John R.U. Wilson, S. L. Flory

Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience

Research output: Contribution to journal › Comment/debate › peer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)

176 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Cultivated plants provide food, fiber, and energy but they can escape, de-domesticate, colonize agroecosystems as weeds, and disrupt natural ecosystems as invasive species. Escape and invasion depend on traits of the species, type and rate of domestication, and cultivation context. Understanding this “de-domestication invasion process” is critical for managing conservation efforts that reduce unintended consequences of cultivated species in novel areas. Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is an ideal case study to explore this process because it was one of the earliest plants to co-evolve with humans, has a crop to weed history, and has been introduced and cultivated globally. Moreover, recent liberalization of cannabis cultivation and use policies have raised concerns about invasion risk. Here, we synthesize knowledge on cannabis breeding, cultivation, and processing relevant to invasion risk and outline research and management priorities to help overcome the research deficit on the invasion ecology of the species. Understanding the transition of cannabis through the de-domestication-invasion process will inform policy and minimize agricultural and environmental risks associated with cultivation of domesticated species.

Original language	English
Article number	109709
Number of pages	9
Journal	Biological Conservation
Volume	274
Early online date	7 Sept 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109709
Publication status	Published - Oct 2022

Bibliographical note

© 2022, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.

Funder

The work was funded by the UF/IFAS Industrial Hemp Pilot Project sponsored by Green Roads and supported by USDA Hatch Projects FLATRC-005661 and FLA-TRC-005867. GB thanks the University of Sassari (UNISS) for the grant “Fondo di Ateneo per la Ricerca 2020”. JW thanks the South African Department of Forestry, Fisheries, and the Environment (DFFE) for funding noting that this publication does not necessarily represent the views or opinions of DFFE or its employees. SC was
supported by grant no. 18-18495S, EXPRO grant 19-28807X (Czech Science Foundation) and long-term research development project RVO 67985939 (Czech Academy of Sciences).

Funding

The work was funded by the UF/IFAS Industrial Hemp Pilot Project sponsored by Green Roads and supported by USDA Hatch Projects FLATRC-005661 and FLA-TRC-005867. GB thanks the University of Sassari (UNISS) for the grant “Fondo di Ateneo per la Ricerca 2020”. JW thanks the South African Department of Forestry, Fisheries, and the Environment (DFFE) for funding noting that this publication does not necessarily represent the views or opinions of DFFE or its employees. SC was supported by grant no. 18-18495S, EXPRO grant 19-28807X (Czech Science Foundation) and long-term research development project RVO 67985939 (Czech Academy of Sciences).

Funders	Funder number
University of Florida	FLATRC-005661, FLA-TRC-005867
US Department of Agriculture	FLATRC-005661, FLA-TRC-005867
University of Sassari
South African Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment

Keywords

Crops
Hemp
Invasion risk
Non-native species
Weeds
Cultivated plants
Feral plants
Weed ecology
Agronomy
Invasion ecology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109709Licence: Unspecified

Post-PrintAccepted author manuscript, 468 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

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title = "Cannabis de-domestication and invasion risk",

abstract = "Cultivated plants provide food, fiber, and energy but they can escape, de-domesticate, colonize agroecosystems as weeds, and disrupt natural ecosystems as invasive species. Escape and invasion depend on traits of the species, type and rate of domestication, and cultivation context. Understanding this “de-domestication invasion process” is critical for managing conservation efforts that reduce unintended consequences of cultivated species in novel areas. Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is an ideal case study to explore this process because it was one of the earliest plants to co-evolve with humans, has a crop to weed history, and has been introduced and cultivated globally. Moreover, recent liberalization of cannabis cultivation and use policies have raised concerns about invasion risk. Here, we synthesize knowledge on cannabis breeding, cultivation, and processing relevant to invasion risk and outline research and management priorities to help overcome the research deficit on the invasion ecology of the species. Understanding the transition of cannabis through the de-domestication-invasion process will inform policy and minimize agricultural and environmental risks associated with cultivation of domesticated species.",

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AU - Brym, Z. T.

AU - Brundu, Giuseppe

AU - Dehnen-Schmutz, Katharina

AU - Lieurance, D

AU - Petri, T.

AU - Wadlington, W. H.

AU - Wilson, John R.U.

AU - Flory, S. L.

N1 - © 2022, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.

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N2 - Cultivated plants provide food, fiber, and energy but they can escape, de-domesticate, colonize agroecosystems as weeds, and disrupt natural ecosystems as invasive species. Escape and invasion depend on traits of the species, type and rate of domestication, and cultivation context. Understanding this “de-domestication invasion process” is critical for managing conservation efforts that reduce unintended consequences of cultivated species in novel areas. Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is an ideal case study to explore this process because it was one of the earliest plants to co-evolve with humans, has a crop to weed history, and has been introduced and cultivated globally. Moreover, recent liberalization of cannabis cultivation and use policies have raised concerns about invasion risk. Here, we synthesize knowledge on cannabis breeding, cultivation, and processing relevant to invasion risk and outline research and management priorities to help overcome the research deficit on the invasion ecology of the species. Understanding the transition of cannabis through the de-domestication-invasion process will inform policy and minimize agricultural and environmental risks associated with cultivation of domesticated species.

AB - Cultivated plants provide food, fiber, and energy but they can escape, de-domesticate, colonize agroecosystems as weeds, and disrupt natural ecosystems as invasive species. Escape and invasion depend on traits of the species, type and rate of domestication, and cultivation context. Understanding this “de-domestication invasion process” is critical for managing conservation efforts that reduce unintended consequences of cultivated species in novel areas. Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is an ideal case study to explore this process because it was one of the earliest plants to co-evolve with humans, has a crop to weed history, and has been introduced and cultivated globally. Moreover, recent liberalization of cannabis cultivation and use policies have raised concerns about invasion risk. Here, we synthesize knowledge on cannabis breeding, cultivation, and processing relevant to invasion risk and outline research and management priorities to help overcome the research deficit on the invasion ecology of the species. Understanding the transition of cannabis through the de-domestication-invasion process will inform policy and minimize agricultural and environmental risks associated with cultivation of domesticated species.

KW - Crops

KW - Hemp

KW - Invasion risk

KW - Non-native species

KW - Weeds

KW - Cultivated plants

KW - Feral plants

KW - Weed ecology

KW - Agronomy

KW - Invasion ecology

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DO - 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109709

M3 - Comment/debate

SN - 0006-3207

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JO - Biological Conservation

JF - Biological Conservation

M1 - 109709

ER -

Cannabis de-domestication and invasion risk

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funder

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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