Calcium, Vitamin D, casein and whey protein intakes and periodontitis among Danish adults

Amanda R.A. Adegboye; Barbara J. Boucher; Johanne Kongstad; Nils Erik Fiehn; Lisa B. Christensen; Berit L. Heitmann

doi:10.1017/S1368980015001202

Calcium, Vitamin D, casein and whey protein intakes and periodontitis among Danish adults

Amanda R.A. Adegboye
, Barbara J. Boucher
, Johanne Kongstad
, Nils Erik Fiehn
, Lisa B. Christensen
, Berit L. Heitmann

University of Copenhagen
University of Westminster
University of Sydney
University of Southern Denmark
Queen Mary University of London

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

52 Citations (Scopus)

39 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Objective To investigate whether intakes of Ca, vitamin D, casein and whey are associated with periodontitis and to investigate the possibility of interactions between them. Design Cross-sectional study. An Internet-based, 267-item FFQ was used to assess dietary intake. Intakes of casein (32·0 g/d), whey proteins (9·6 g/d) and vitamin D (5·8 μg/d) were classified as within v. above the 50th percentile. Ca intake was classified as within v. below age-specific recommendations. Severe periodontitis was defined as having ≥2 inter-proximal sites with clinical attachment loss ≥6 mm (not on the same tooth) and ≥1 inter-proximal site with pocket depth ≥5 mm. Since vitamin D influences Ca absorption, models were stratified by lower and higher (<5·8 v. ≥5·8 g/d) vitamin D intake. Setting Danish Health Examination Survey (DANHES) 2007-2008. Subjects Adult participants (n 3287) in the oral health study of DANHES 2007-2008. Results Intakes of Ca within recommendations (OR=0·76; 95 % CI 0·58, 0·99), whey ≥9·6 g/d (OR=0·75; 95 % CI 0·58, 0·97) and casein ≥32 g/d (OR=0·75 95 % CI 0·58, 0·97) were associated with lower likelihood of severe periodontitis after adjustment for age, gender, education, smoking, sucrose intake, alcohol consumption, number of teeth, daily brushing, regular visits to the dentist and chronic illness, irrespective of vitamin D intake levels. Intake of vitamin D alone was not associated severe with periodontitis. Conclusions Intakes of Ca, casein and whey protein were inversely associated with periodontitis. Consumption of foods rich in Ca, casein and whey (e.g. dairy foods) should be promoted, as they may contribute to the prevention of periodontitis. Further longitudinal studies are required to confirm these associations.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	503-510
Number of pages	8
Journal	Public Health Nutrition
Volume	19
Issue number	3
Early online date	4 May 2015
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980015001202
Publication status	Published - 1 Feb 2016
Externally published	Yes

Funding

The authors thank the study participants for providing the data and Claus Host and Thorhallur Ingi Halldorsson for their assistance with the dietary database. The present study was supported by the Danish Dental Association; the Danish Foundation for Mutual Efforts in Dental Care (grant number RLTN5530 ? 08/2405); TrygFonden (grant number 1140-09); and the Health Insurance Foundation (grant number 2007B132). The funders had no role in the design, analysis or writing of this article. None. A.R.A.A. was the lead author of the paper; N.-E.F. was the principal investigator of the oral health part of the DANHES 2007?2008 and the chair of data collection. B.J.B., L.B.C., J.K., N.-E.F. and B.L.H. provided content and editorial contribution; J.K. and B.L.H. and L.B.C. provided data quality assistance. The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and approved by the Ethical Committees for the Region of Copenhagen. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

Calcium
Casein
Oral health
Periodontitis
Vitamin D
Whey

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Medicine (miscellaneous)
Nutrition and Dietetics
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Access to Document

10.1017/S1368980015001202

PublishedFinal published version, 300 KBLicence: Unspecified

Cite this

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title = "Calcium, Vitamin D, casein and whey protein intakes and periodontitis among Danish adults",

abstract = "Objective To investigate whether intakes of Ca, vitamin D, casein and whey are associated with periodontitis and to investigate the possibility of interactions between them. Design Cross-sectional study. An Internet-based, 267-item FFQ was used to assess dietary intake. Intakes of casein (32·0 g/d), whey proteins (9·6 g/d) and vitamin D (5·8 μg/d) were classified as within v. above the 50th percentile. Ca intake was classified as within v. below age-specific recommendations. Severe periodontitis was defined as having ≥2 inter-proximal sites with clinical attachment loss ≥6 mm (not on the same tooth) and ≥1 inter-proximal site with pocket depth ≥5 mm. Since vitamin D influences Ca absorption, models were stratified by lower and higher (<5·8 v. ≥5·8 g/d) vitamin D intake. Setting Danish Health Examination Survey (DANHES) 2007-2008. Subjects Adult participants (n 3287) in the oral health study of DANHES 2007-2008. Results Intakes of Ca within recommendations (OR=0·76; 95 \% CI 0·58, 0·99), whey ≥9·6 g/d (OR=0·75; 95 \% CI 0·58, 0·97) and casein ≥32 g/d (OR=0·75 95 \% CI 0·58, 0·97) were associated with lower likelihood of severe periodontitis after adjustment for age, gender, education, smoking, sucrose intake, alcohol consumption, number of teeth, daily brushing, regular visits to the dentist and chronic illness, irrespective of vitamin D intake levels. Intake of vitamin D alone was not associated severe with periodontitis. Conclusions Intakes of Ca, casein and whey protein were inversely associated with periodontitis. Consumption of foods rich in Ca, casein and whey (e.g. dairy foods) should be promoted, as they may contribute to the prevention of periodontitis. Further longitudinal studies are required to confirm these associations.",

keywords = "Calcium, Casein, Oral health, Periodontitis, Vitamin D, Whey",

author = "Adegboye, \{Amanda R.A.\} and Boucher, \{Barbara J.\} and Johanne Kongstad and Fiehn, \{Nils Erik\} and Christensen, \{Lisa B.\} and Heitmann, \{Berit L.\}",

year = "2016",

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doi = "10.1017/S1368980015001202",

language = "English",

volume = "19",

pages = "503--510",

journal = "Public Health Nutrition",

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T1 - Calcium, Vitamin D, casein and whey protein intakes and periodontitis among Danish adults

AU - Adegboye, Amanda R.A.

AU - Boucher, Barbara J.

AU - Kongstad, Johanne

AU - Fiehn, Nils Erik

AU - Christensen, Lisa B.

AU - Heitmann, Berit L.

PY - 2016/2/1

Y1 - 2016/2/1

N2 - Objective To investigate whether intakes of Ca, vitamin D, casein and whey are associated with periodontitis and to investigate the possibility of interactions between them. Design Cross-sectional study. An Internet-based, 267-item FFQ was used to assess dietary intake. Intakes of casein (32·0 g/d), whey proteins (9·6 g/d) and vitamin D (5·8 μg/d) were classified as within v. above the 50th percentile. Ca intake was classified as within v. below age-specific recommendations. Severe periodontitis was defined as having ≥2 inter-proximal sites with clinical attachment loss ≥6 mm (not on the same tooth) and ≥1 inter-proximal site with pocket depth ≥5 mm. Since vitamin D influences Ca absorption, models were stratified by lower and higher (<5·8 v. ≥5·8 g/d) vitamin D intake. Setting Danish Health Examination Survey (DANHES) 2007-2008. Subjects Adult participants (n 3287) in the oral health study of DANHES 2007-2008. Results Intakes of Ca within recommendations (OR=0·76; 95 % CI 0·58, 0·99), whey ≥9·6 g/d (OR=0·75; 95 % CI 0·58, 0·97) and casein ≥32 g/d (OR=0·75 95 % CI 0·58, 0·97) were associated with lower likelihood of severe periodontitis after adjustment for age, gender, education, smoking, sucrose intake, alcohol consumption, number of teeth, daily brushing, regular visits to the dentist and chronic illness, irrespective of vitamin D intake levels. Intake of vitamin D alone was not associated severe with periodontitis. Conclusions Intakes of Ca, casein and whey protein were inversely associated with periodontitis. Consumption of foods rich in Ca, casein and whey (e.g. dairy foods) should be promoted, as they may contribute to the prevention of periodontitis. Further longitudinal studies are required to confirm these associations.

AB - Objective To investigate whether intakes of Ca, vitamin D, casein and whey are associated with periodontitis and to investigate the possibility of interactions between them. Design Cross-sectional study. An Internet-based, 267-item FFQ was used to assess dietary intake. Intakes of casein (32·0 g/d), whey proteins (9·6 g/d) and vitamin D (5·8 μg/d) were classified as within v. above the 50th percentile. Ca intake was classified as within v. below age-specific recommendations. Severe periodontitis was defined as having ≥2 inter-proximal sites with clinical attachment loss ≥6 mm (not on the same tooth) and ≥1 inter-proximal site with pocket depth ≥5 mm. Since vitamin D influences Ca absorption, models were stratified by lower and higher (<5·8 v. ≥5·8 g/d) vitamin D intake. Setting Danish Health Examination Survey (DANHES) 2007-2008. Subjects Adult participants (n 3287) in the oral health study of DANHES 2007-2008. Results Intakes of Ca within recommendations (OR=0·76; 95 % CI 0·58, 0·99), whey ≥9·6 g/d (OR=0·75; 95 % CI 0·58, 0·97) and casein ≥32 g/d (OR=0·75 95 % CI 0·58, 0·97) were associated with lower likelihood of severe periodontitis after adjustment for age, gender, education, smoking, sucrose intake, alcohol consumption, number of teeth, daily brushing, regular visits to the dentist and chronic illness, irrespective of vitamin D intake levels. Intake of vitamin D alone was not associated severe with periodontitis. Conclusions Intakes of Ca, casein and whey protein were inversely associated with periodontitis. Consumption of foods rich in Ca, casein and whey (e.g. dairy foods) should be promoted, as they may contribute to the prevention of periodontitis. Further longitudinal studies are required to confirm these associations.

KW - Calcium

KW - Casein

KW - Oral health

KW - Periodontitis

KW - Vitamin D

KW - Whey

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SN - 1368-9800

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EP - 510

JO - Public Health Nutrition

JF - Public Health Nutrition

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ER -

Calcium, Vitamin D, casein and whey protein intakes and periodontitis among Danish adults

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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