Body Mass Index and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies of over a million participants

Jamal Rahmani, Hamed Kord Varkaneh, Azita Hekmatdoost, Jacqueline Thomps, Cain Clark, Ammar Salehisahlabadi, Andrew S Day, Kevan Jacobson

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    30 Citations (Scopus)
    36 Downloads (Pure)

    Abstract

    The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is controversial. We performed a dose-response meta-analysis to investigate the association between BMI and risk of incident ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) using prospective cohort studies. A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases from inception to January 2019. DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used to estimate combined hazard ratios (HRs). Overall, 882 articles were screened, and 42 full-text articles were reviewed for inclusion using the study eligibility criteria. Five studies evaluated the association between BMI and IBD with 1 044 517 participants. Pooled results showed a significant association between participants affected by obesity and risk of CD (HR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.18-1.71, I 2: 0.00). There was a significant nonlinear association between BMI and risk of CD (P =.01, coeff = 0.5024). Pooled results did not show any significant association between being underweight and risk of UC (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.96-1.19, I 2: 0.00) or CD (HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.93-1.31, I 2: 12.8). There was no difference in the risk for UC among participants affected by obesity compared with participants categorized as having normal BMI (HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.80-1.14, I 2: 8.0). This systematic review and meta-analysis identified significant dose-response relationship between being affected by obesity, as a risk factor, and incidence of CD.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)1312-1320
    Number of pages9
    JournalObesity Reviews
    Volume20
    Issue number9
    Early online date12 Jun 2019
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Sept 2019

    Keywords

    • Inflammatory Bowel Disease
    • Body Mass Index
    • Crohn’s Disease
    • Ulcerative Colitis
    • Obesity
    • body mass index
    • Crohn's disease
    • ulcerative colitis
    • inflammatory bowel disease

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
    • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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