Arm-crank training improves postural stability and physical functioning in older people

M. Hill; S. Oxford; M. Duncan; M. Price

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.007

Arm-crank training improves postural stability and physical functioning in older people

M. Hill, S. Oxford, M. Duncan, M. Price

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)

252 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Background: Arm crank ergometry (ACE) has been shown to elicit marked improvements in lower body exercise capacity among older individuals. It is currently unknown whether ACE is effective in alleviating functional consequences of aging, such as balance and physical function. Objective: To determine the efficacy of ACE training on balance, mobility and cardiorespiratory fitness in older people. Design and Participants: Two-arm, randomised parallel trial; assessment at baseline and post-intervention. Participants who were aged >65 years and community-dwelling. Exclusion criteria included neurological and musculoskeletal disease, cognitive problems and/or cardiovascular/pulmonary diseases. Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to six weeks of seated ACE (n = 10) or stationary cycling (control group) (n = 10) training, 3 times per week. Main outcome measures: The outcomes were functional balance and mobility, postural sway, upper body strength and cardiorespiratory fitness. Results: ACE training resulted in increased functional reach distance (d= 0.83 – 1.28), faster timed-up-and-go execution (d= 1.36) and reduced mediolateral postural sway (d= 0.8 - 1.3). Both ACE and CYC interventions elicited similar increases in mode-specific (%∆ ~25) and cross-transfer (%∆ ~13) peak oxygen uptake (P<0.05). Conclusions: The findings highlight that ACE training is effective in alleviating functional consequences of ageing, such as balance and mobility.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	218-227
Number of pages	10
Journal	Experimental Gerontology
Volume	113
Early online date	10 Oct 2018
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.007
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2018

Bibliographical note

NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Experimental Gerontology. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Experimental Gerontology, [113], (2018)] DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.007

© 2017, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.

Keywords

Fall-risk
Neuromuscular performance
Postural balance
Aerobic exercise
Upper-body exercise
Cardiovascular

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Biochemistry
Ageing
Molecular Biology
Genetics
Endocrinology
Cell Biology

Access to Document

10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.007

Post-printAccepted author manuscript, 965 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

@article{47947b5b7ef446e5b9b1dccc32567db1,

title = "Arm-crank training improves postural stability and physical functioning in older people",

abstract = "Background: Arm crank ergometry (ACE) has been shown to elicit marked improvements in lower body exercise capacity among older individuals. It is currently unknown whether ACE is effective in alleviating functional consequences of aging, such as balance and physical function. Objective: To determine the efficacy of ACE training on balance, mobility and cardiorespiratory fitness in older people. Design and Participants: Two-arm, randomised parallel trial; assessment at baseline and post-intervention. Participants who were aged >65 years and community-dwelling. Exclusion criteria included neurological and musculoskeletal disease, cognitive problems and/or cardiovascular/pulmonary diseases. Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to six weeks of seated ACE (n = 10) or stationary cycling (control group) (n = 10) training, 3 times per week. Main outcome measures: The outcomes were functional balance and mobility, postural sway, upper body strength and cardiorespiratory fitness. Results: ACE training resulted in increased functional reach distance (d= 0.83 – 1.28), faster timed-up-and-go execution (d= 1.36) and reduced mediolateral postural sway (d= 0.8 - 1.3). Both ACE and CYC interventions elicited similar increases in mode-specific (%∆ ~25) and cross-transfer (%∆ ~13) peak oxygen uptake (P<0.05). Conclusions: The findings highlight that ACE training is effective in alleviating functional consequences of ageing, such as balance and mobility. ",

keywords = "Fall-risk, Neuromuscular performance, Postural balance, Aerobic exercise, Upper-body exercise, Cardiovascular",

author = "M. Hill and S. Oxford and M. Duncan and M. Price",

note = "NOTICE: this is the author{\textquoteright}s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Experimental Gerontology. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Experimental Gerontology, [113], (2018)] DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.007 {\textcopyright} 2017, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Copyright {\textcopyright} and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. ",

year = "2018",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.007",

language = "English",

volume = "113",

pages = "218--227",

journal = "Experimental Gerontology",

issn = "0531-5565",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Arm-crank training improves postural stability and physical functioning in older people

AU - Hill, M.

AU - Oxford, S.

AU - Duncan, M.

AU - Price, M.

N1 - NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Experimental Gerontology. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Experimental Gerontology, [113], (2018)] DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.007 © 2017, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.

PY - 2018/11/1

Y1 - 2018/11/1

N2 - Background: Arm crank ergometry (ACE) has been shown to elicit marked improvements in lower body exercise capacity among older individuals. It is currently unknown whether ACE is effective in alleviating functional consequences of aging, such as balance and physical function. Objective: To determine the efficacy of ACE training on balance, mobility and cardiorespiratory fitness in older people. Design and Participants: Two-arm, randomised parallel trial; assessment at baseline and post-intervention. Participants who were aged >65 years and community-dwelling. Exclusion criteria included neurological and musculoskeletal disease, cognitive problems and/or cardiovascular/pulmonary diseases. Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to six weeks of seated ACE (n = 10) or stationary cycling (control group) (n = 10) training, 3 times per week. Main outcome measures: The outcomes were functional balance and mobility, postural sway, upper body strength and cardiorespiratory fitness. Results: ACE training resulted in increased functional reach distance (d= 0.83 – 1.28), faster timed-up-and-go execution (d= 1.36) and reduced mediolateral postural sway (d= 0.8 - 1.3). Both ACE and CYC interventions elicited similar increases in mode-specific (%∆ ~25) and cross-transfer (%∆ ~13) peak oxygen uptake (P<0.05). Conclusions: The findings highlight that ACE training is effective in alleviating functional consequences of ageing, such as balance and mobility.

AB - Background: Arm crank ergometry (ACE) has been shown to elicit marked improvements in lower body exercise capacity among older individuals. It is currently unknown whether ACE is effective in alleviating functional consequences of aging, such as balance and physical function. Objective: To determine the efficacy of ACE training on balance, mobility and cardiorespiratory fitness in older people. Design and Participants: Two-arm, randomised parallel trial; assessment at baseline and post-intervention. Participants who were aged >65 years and community-dwelling. Exclusion criteria included neurological and musculoskeletal disease, cognitive problems and/or cardiovascular/pulmonary diseases. Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to six weeks of seated ACE (n = 10) or stationary cycling (control group) (n = 10) training, 3 times per week. Main outcome measures: The outcomes were functional balance and mobility, postural sway, upper body strength and cardiorespiratory fitness. Results: ACE training resulted in increased functional reach distance (d= 0.83 – 1.28), faster timed-up-and-go execution (d= 1.36) and reduced mediolateral postural sway (d= 0.8 - 1.3). Both ACE and CYC interventions elicited similar increases in mode-specific (%∆ ~25) and cross-transfer (%∆ ~13) peak oxygen uptake (P<0.05). Conclusions: The findings highlight that ACE training is effective in alleviating functional consequences of ageing, such as balance and mobility.

KW - Fall-risk

KW - Neuromuscular performance

KW - Postural balance

KW - Aerobic exercise

KW - Upper-body exercise

KW - Cardiovascular

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85055032976&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.007

DO - 10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.007

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85055032976

SN - 0531-5565

VL - 113

SP - 218

EP - 227

JO - Experimental Gerontology

JF - Experimental Gerontology

ER -

Arm-crank training improves postural stability and physical functioning in older people

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Mathew Hill

Sam Oxford

Cite this

Arm-crank training improves postural stability and physical functioning in older people

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Profiles

Mathew Hill

Sam Oxford

Cite this