Adherence to the 24‐h Movement Behaviors Guidelines and Associations With Cognitive and Behavioral Self‐Regulation Among Brazilian Preschoolers

Natália Batista Albuquerque Goulart Lemos; Valerie Carson; Pablo Gabriel da Silva Santos; Fernando de Aguiar Lemos; Michael Duncan; Clarice Maria de Lucena Martins

doi:10.1002/ajhb.24206

Adherence to the 24‐h Movement Behaviors Guidelines and Associations With Cognitive and Behavioral Self‐Regulation Among Brazilian Preschoolers

Natália Batista Albuquerque Goulart Lemos
, Valerie Carson
, Pablo Gabriel da Silva Santos
, Fernando de Aguiar Lemos
, Michael Duncan
, Clarice Maria de Lucena Martins

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackgroundAdherence to 24‐h movement guidelines has been associated with early health benefits, including neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, the associations between these guidelines and Cognitive (CSR) and Behavioral (BSR) self‐regulation in preschoolers are underexplored. This study investigated the associations between adherence to 24‐h movement guidelines and CSR and BSR in Brazilian preschoolers.MethodsA total of 223 preschoolers (4.76 ± 0.32 years old; 50.67% boys) participated. Physical activity (PA) was assessed with Actigraph wGT3X. Parents reported children's sleep and screen time. CSR was evaluated through iPad games, and BSR was assessed using the Head, Toes, Knees, Shoulders test revised.ResultsBoys showed higher adherence to the PA recommendation than girls (52.2% vs. 32.7%, χ2 = 0.003), whereas a higher percentage of girls did not adhere to any recommendations (23.6% vs. 12.4%, χ2 = 0.029). Positive association was found between adherence to combined PA and screen time with cognitive flexibility (β = 4.091 [95% CI: 0.699, 7.754]). Adherence to PA was associated with lower BSR scores (β = −7.104 [−13.52, −0.623]), as was adherence to combined PA and sleep duration (β = −8.813 [−15.794, −1.397]).ConclusionThis study highlighted differences in adherence to movement behavior guidelines between boys and girls, as well as demonstrated that different combinations of these behaviors can affect preschoolers' cognitive and behavioral levels of self‐regulation in distinct ways.

Original language	English
Article number	e24206
Number of pages	11
Journal	American Journal of Human Biology
Volume	37
Issue number	1
Early online date	6 Jan 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.24206
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 6 Jan 2025

Bibliographical note

© 2025 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Goulart Lemos, NBA, Carson, V, da Silva Santos, PG, de Aguiar Lemos, F, Duncan, M & de Lucena Martins, CM 2025, 'Adherence to the 24‐h Movement Behaviors Guidelines and Associations With Cognitive and Behavioral Self‐Regulation Among Brazilian Preschoolers', American Journal of Human Biology, vol. 37, no. 1, e24206, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.24206.
This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.

This document is the author’s post-print version, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer-review process. Some differences between the published version and this version may remain and you are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it.

Funding

Funding: The authors received no specific funding for this work. The authors wish to thank the Municipality Educational Board from Petrolina, and all the preschools, children, parents, and staff direct and indirectly involved in the study. Clarice Martins was supported by UIDB/00617/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDB/00617/2020); and UIDP/00617/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDP/00617/2020).

Funders	Funder number
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia	UIDP/00617/2020

Keywords

movement behaviors
preschoolers
self-regulation

Access to Document

10.1002/ajhb.24206

Duncan2025AAMAccepted author manuscript, 1.49 MB

Cite this

Goulart Lemos, N. B. A., Carson, V., da Silva Santos, P. G., de Aguiar Lemos, F., Duncan, M., & de Lucena Martins, C. M. (2025). Adherence to the 24‐h Movement Behaviors Guidelines and Associations With Cognitive and Behavioral Self‐Regulation Among Brazilian Preschoolers. American Journal of Human Biology, 37(1), Article e24206. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.24206

Adherence to the 24‐h Movement Behaviors Guidelines and Associations With Cognitive and Behavioral Self‐Regulation Among Brazilian Preschoolers. / Goulart Lemos, Natália Batista Albuquerque; Carson, Valerie; da Silva Santos, Pablo Gabriel et al.
In: American Journal of Human Biology, Vol. 37, No. 1, e24206, 06.01.2025.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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abstract = "ABSTRACTBackgroundAdherence to 24‐h movement guidelines has been associated with early health benefits, including neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, the associations between these guidelines and Cognitive (CSR) and Behavioral (BSR) self‐regulation in preschoolers are underexplored. This study investigated the associations between adherence to 24‐h movement guidelines and CSR and BSR in Brazilian preschoolers.MethodsA total of 223 preschoolers (4.76 ± 0.32 years old; 50.67\% boys) participated. Physical activity (PA) was assessed with Actigraph wGT3X. Parents reported children's sleep and screen time. CSR was evaluated through iPad games, and BSR was assessed using the Head, Toes, Knees, Shoulders test revised.ResultsBoys showed higher adherence to the PA recommendation than girls (52.2\% vs. 32.7\%, χ2 = 0.003), whereas a higher percentage of girls did not adhere to any recommendations (23.6\% vs. 12.4\%, χ2 = 0.029). Positive association was found between adherence to combined PA and screen time with cognitive flexibility (β = 4.091 [95\% CI: 0.699, 7.754]). Adherence to PA was associated with lower BSR scores (β = −7.104 [−13.52, −0.623]), as was adherence to combined PA and sleep duration (β = −8.813 [−15.794, −1.397]).ConclusionThis study highlighted differences in adherence to movement behavior guidelines between boys and girls, as well as demonstrated that different combinations of these behaviors can affect preschoolers' cognitive and behavioral levels of self‐regulation in distinct ways.",

keywords = "movement behaviors, preschoolers, self-regulation",

author = "\{Goulart Lemos\}, \{Nat{\'a}lia Batista Albuquerque\} and Valerie Carson and \{da Silva Santos\}, \{Pablo Gabriel\} and \{de Aguiar Lemos\}, Fernando and Michael Duncan and \{de Lucena Martins\}, \{Clarice Maria\}",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2025 Wiley Periodicals LLC. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Goulart Lemos, NBA, Carson, V, da Silva Santos, PG, de Aguiar Lemos, F, Duncan, M \& de Lucena Martins, CM 2025, 'Adherence to the 24‐h Movement Behaviors Guidelines and Associations With Cognitive and Behavioral Self‐Regulation Among Brazilian Preschoolers', American Journal of Human Biology, vol. 37, no. 1, e24206, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.24206. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley{\textquoteright}s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited. This document is the author{\textquoteright}s post-print version, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer-review process. Some differences between the published version and this version may remain and you are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it. ",

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AU - Goulart Lemos, Natália Batista Albuquerque

AU - Carson, Valerie

AU - da Silva Santos, Pablo Gabriel

AU - de Aguiar Lemos, Fernando

AU - Duncan, Michael

AU - de Lucena Martins, Clarice Maria

N1 - © 2025 Wiley Periodicals LLC. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Goulart Lemos, NBA, Carson, V, da Silva Santos, PG, de Aguiar Lemos, F, Duncan, M & de Lucena Martins, CM 2025, 'Adherence to the 24‐h Movement Behaviors Guidelines and Associations With Cognitive and Behavioral Self‐Regulation Among Brazilian Preschoolers', American Journal of Human Biology, vol. 37, no. 1, e24206, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.24206. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited. This document is the author’s post-print version, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer-review process. Some differences between the published version and this version may remain and you are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it.

PY - 2025/1/6

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N2 - ABSTRACTBackgroundAdherence to 24‐h movement guidelines has been associated with early health benefits, including neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, the associations between these guidelines and Cognitive (CSR) and Behavioral (BSR) self‐regulation in preschoolers are underexplored. This study investigated the associations between adherence to 24‐h movement guidelines and CSR and BSR in Brazilian preschoolers.MethodsA total of 223 preschoolers (4.76 ± 0.32 years old; 50.67% boys) participated. Physical activity (PA) was assessed with Actigraph wGT3X. Parents reported children's sleep and screen time. CSR was evaluated through iPad games, and BSR was assessed using the Head, Toes, Knees, Shoulders test revised.ResultsBoys showed higher adherence to the PA recommendation than girls (52.2% vs. 32.7%, χ2 = 0.003), whereas a higher percentage of girls did not adhere to any recommendations (23.6% vs. 12.4%, χ2 = 0.029). Positive association was found between adherence to combined PA and screen time with cognitive flexibility (β = 4.091 [95% CI: 0.699, 7.754]). Adherence to PA was associated with lower BSR scores (β = −7.104 [−13.52, −0.623]), as was adherence to combined PA and sleep duration (β = −8.813 [−15.794, −1.397]).ConclusionThis study highlighted differences in adherence to movement behavior guidelines between boys and girls, as well as demonstrated that different combinations of these behaviors can affect preschoolers' cognitive and behavioral levels of self‐regulation in distinct ways.

AB - ABSTRACTBackgroundAdherence to 24‐h movement guidelines has been associated with early health benefits, including neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, the associations between these guidelines and Cognitive (CSR) and Behavioral (BSR) self‐regulation in preschoolers are underexplored. This study investigated the associations between adherence to 24‐h movement guidelines and CSR and BSR in Brazilian preschoolers.MethodsA total of 223 preschoolers (4.76 ± 0.32 years old; 50.67% boys) participated. Physical activity (PA) was assessed with Actigraph wGT3X. Parents reported children's sleep and screen time. CSR was evaluated through iPad games, and BSR was assessed using the Head, Toes, Knees, Shoulders test revised.ResultsBoys showed higher adherence to the PA recommendation than girls (52.2% vs. 32.7%, χ2 = 0.003), whereas a higher percentage of girls did not adhere to any recommendations (23.6% vs. 12.4%, χ2 = 0.029). Positive association was found between adherence to combined PA and screen time with cognitive flexibility (β = 4.091 [95% CI: 0.699, 7.754]). Adherence to PA was associated with lower BSR scores (β = −7.104 [−13.52, −0.623]), as was adherence to combined PA and sleep duration (β = −8.813 [−15.794, −1.397]).ConclusionThis study highlighted differences in adherence to movement behavior guidelines between boys and girls, as well as demonstrated that different combinations of these behaviors can affect preschoolers' cognitive and behavioral levels of self‐regulation in distinct ways.

KW - movement behaviors

KW - preschoolers

KW - self-regulation

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M3 - Article

SN - 1042-0533

VL - 37

JO - American Journal of Human Biology

JF - American Journal of Human Biology

IS - 1

M1 - e24206

ER -

Adherence to the 24‐h Movement Behaviors Guidelines and Associations With Cognitive and Behavioral Self‐Regulation Among Brazilian Preschoolers

Abstract

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Keywords

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