Abstract
This paper presents a transient and non-unit-based protection scheme for consideration in DC grids of the future. The technique utilises the rate-of-change (R-o-C) of the associated travelling wave components following the occurrence of a fault to determine whether the fault is internal or external. For an internal fault, the product of the magnitude of the R-o-C of the fault induced voltage and current travelling wave following fault inception must exceed a predetermined setting, otherwise the fault is external. The DC inductor located at the cable ends provides attenuation for the high frequency contents of the fault generated components resulting from an external fault. The ratio between the forward voltage travelling wave and the backward voltage travelling wave provides directional discrimination. This ratio is less than unity for a forward directional fault and greater than unity for reverse directional faults. The protection algorithm has been validated using PSCAD/EMTDC simulations based on full scale modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based HVDC grid. The simulation results presented, including the performances indices compared to existing and proposed methods available in literature utilising the derivative of the fault induced components show the suitability and reliability of the proposed technique in distinguishing between internal and external faults. Key advantages of the proposed technique is that it simple, easily implemented, and does not rely on complex signal processing technique; and therefore it can easily be implemented to provide autonomous tripping for all relays located on the DC grid.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 100195 |
| Number of pages | 25 |
| Journal | Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks |
| Volume | 17 |
| Early online date | 14 Feb 2019 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Mar 2019 |
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Keywords
- DC grid protection
- Fault induced travelling wave
- Internal and external fault
- Rate-of-change (R-o-C) of travelling wave
- Transient based protection
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Control and Systems Engineering
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Cite this
A transient and non-unit-based protection technique for DC grids based on the rate-of-change (R-o-C) of the fault induced travelling wave components. / Ikhide, Monday; Tennakoon, Sarath; Ha, Hengxu; Griffiths, Alison; Subramanian, Sankara; Adamczyk, Andrzej.
In: Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, Vol. 17, 100195, 01.03.2019.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - A transient and non-unit-based protection technique for DC grids based on the rate-of-change (R-o-C) of the fault induced travelling wave components
AU - Ikhide, Monday
AU - Tennakoon, Sarath
AU - Ha, Hengxu
AU - Griffiths, Alison
AU - Subramanian, Sankara
AU - Adamczyk, Andrzej
PY - 2019/3/1
Y1 - 2019/3/1
N2 - This paper presents a transient and non-unit-based protection scheme for consideration in DC grids of the future. The technique utilises the rate-of-change (R-o-C) of the associated travelling wave components following the occurrence of a fault to determine whether the fault is internal or external. For an internal fault, the product of the magnitude of the R-o-C of the fault induced voltage and current travelling wave following fault inception must exceed a predetermined setting, otherwise the fault is external. The DC inductor located at the cable ends provides attenuation for the high frequency contents of the fault generated components resulting from an external fault. The ratio between the forward voltage travelling wave and the backward voltage travelling wave provides directional discrimination. This ratio is less than unity for a forward directional fault and greater than unity for reverse directional faults. The protection algorithm has been validated using PSCAD/EMTDC simulations based on full scale modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based HVDC grid. The simulation results presented, including the performances indices compared to existing and proposed methods available in literature utilising the derivative of the fault induced components show the suitability and reliability of the proposed technique in distinguishing between internal and external faults. Key advantages of the proposed technique is that it simple, easily implemented, and does not rely on complex signal processing technique; and therefore it can easily be implemented to provide autonomous tripping for all relays located on the DC grid.
AB - This paper presents a transient and non-unit-based protection scheme for consideration in DC grids of the future. The technique utilises the rate-of-change (R-o-C) of the associated travelling wave components following the occurrence of a fault to determine whether the fault is internal or external. For an internal fault, the product of the magnitude of the R-o-C of the fault induced voltage and current travelling wave following fault inception must exceed a predetermined setting, otherwise the fault is external. The DC inductor located at the cable ends provides attenuation for the high frequency contents of the fault generated components resulting from an external fault. The ratio between the forward voltage travelling wave and the backward voltage travelling wave provides directional discrimination. This ratio is less than unity for a forward directional fault and greater than unity for reverse directional faults. The protection algorithm has been validated using PSCAD/EMTDC simulations based on full scale modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based HVDC grid. The simulation results presented, including the performances indices compared to existing and proposed methods available in literature utilising the derivative of the fault induced components show the suitability and reliability of the proposed technique in distinguishing between internal and external faults. Key advantages of the proposed technique is that it simple, easily implemented, and does not rely on complex signal processing technique; and therefore it can easily be implemented to provide autonomous tripping for all relays located on the DC grid.
KW - DC grid protection
KW - Fault induced travelling wave
KW - Internal and external fault
KW - Rate-of-change (R-o-C) of travelling wave
KW - Transient based protection
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85062400655&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.segan.2019.100195
DO - 10.1016/j.segan.2019.100195
M3 - Article
VL - 17
JO - Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks
JF - Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks
M1 - 100195
ER -