Abstract
Iron (Fe) loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN's) were formulated using stearic acid and iron absorption was evaluated in vitro using the cell line Caco-2 with intracellular ferritin formation as a marker of iron absorption. Iron loading was optimised at 1% Fe (w/w) lipid since an inverse relation was observed between initial iron concentration and SLN iron incorporation efficiency. Chitosan (Chi) was included to prepare chitosan coated SLN's. Particle size analysis revealed a sub-micron size range (300.3±31.75 nm to 495.1±80.42 nm), with chitosan containing particles having the largest dimensions. As expected, chitosan (0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4% w/v) conferred a net positive charge on the particle surface in a concentration dependent manner. For iron absorption experiments equal doses of Fe (20 μM) from selected formulations (SLN-FeA and SLN-Fe-ChiB) were added to Caco-2 cells and intracellular ferritin protein concentrations determined. Caco-2 iron absorption from SLN-FeA (583.98±40.83 ng/mg cell protein) and chitosan containing SLN-Fe-ChiB (642.77±29.37 ng/mg cell protein) were 13.42% and 24.9% greater than that from ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) reference (514.66±20.43 ng/mg cell protein) (p≤0.05). We demonstrate for the first time preparation, characterisation and superior iron absorption in vitro from SLN's, suggesting the potential of these formulations as a novel system for oral iron delivery.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 400-407 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | International Journal of Pharmaceutics |
Volume | 456 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 18 Nov 2013 |
Keywords
- Administration, Oral
- Caco-2 Cells
- Cell Survival
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Ferrous Compounds
- Humans
- Iron
- Lipids
- Nanoparticles
- Journal Article
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Solid lipid nanoparticles
- Ferrous-sulfate
- Iron-supplementation
- Chitosan
- Caco-2
- Ferritin