A Forced Union: Exploring the Consequences of India’s Removal of Jammu and Kashmir’s Special Status

Serena Hussain

doi:10.1111/nana.13140

A Forced Union: Exploring the Consequences of India’s Removal of Jammu and Kashmir’s Special Status

Serena Hussain

Research Centre for Peace and Security

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

28 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

This article adds to academic literature interested in two core questions: What happens to residents as a result of an annexation? And how do aggressor states maintain control over an annexed territory where there is a history of insurgency and mobilization for independence? It does so through a qualitative study exploring both civilian accounts and legal amendments made in the immediate aftermath of the forced removal of Jammu and Kashmir's (J&K) special autonomous status by the Indian government in 2019. By applying Morland's framework of demographic engineering, the study identifies how India accelerated the forced integration of J&K into the Indian Union by removing its special status to gain control over economic and investment opportunities, implementing changes to electoral boundaries, the development of military settler colonies and the issuing of domicile certificates.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	(In-Press)
Number of pages	12
Journal	Nations and Nationalism
Volume	(In-Press)
Early online date	5 Jun 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/nana.13140
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 5 Jun 2025

Bibliographical note

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium,provided the original work is properly cited

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 16 Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions

Keywords

Hindu nationalism
demographic engineering
ethnic conflict
religious minorities

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Geography, Planning and Development
Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)
Political Science and International Relations

Access to Document

10.1111/nana.13140Licence: CC BY

Hussain2025VoRFinal published version, 392 KBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

@article{5d304ee6e6e6483998e544d4dffbeb9a,

title = "A Forced Union: Exploring the Consequences of India{\textquoteright}s Removal of Jammu and Kashmir{\textquoteright}s Special Status",

abstract = "This article adds to academic literature interested in two core questions: What happens to residents as a result of an annexation? And how do aggressor states maintain control over an annexed territory where there is a history of insurgency and mobilization for independence? It does so through a qualitative study exploring both civilian accounts and legal amendments made in the immediate aftermath of the forced removal of Jammu and Kashmir's (J\&K) special autonomous status by the Indian government in 2019. By applying Morland's framework of demographic engineering, the study identifies how India accelerated the forced integration of J\&K into the Indian Union by removing its special status to gain control over economic and investment opportunities, implementing changes to electoral boundaries, the development of military settler colonies and the issuing of domicile certificates.",

keywords = "Hindu nationalism, demographic engineering, ethnic conflict, religious minorities",

author = "Serena Hussain",

note = "This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium,provided the original work is properly cited",

year = "2025",

month = jun,

day = "5",

doi = "10.1111/nana.13140",

language = "English",

volume = "(In-Press)",

pages = "(In--Press)",

journal = "Nations and Nationalism",

issn = "1354-5078",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - A Forced Union: Exploring the Consequences of India’s Removal of Jammu and Kashmir’s Special Status

AU - Hussain, Serena

N1 - This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium,provided the original work is properly cited

PY - 2025/6/5

Y1 - 2025/6/5

N2 - This article adds to academic literature interested in two core questions: What happens to residents as a result of an annexation? And how do aggressor states maintain control over an annexed territory where there is a history of insurgency and mobilization for independence? It does so through a qualitative study exploring both civilian accounts and legal amendments made in the immediate aftermath of the forced removal of Jammu and Kashmir's (J&K) special autonomous status by the Indian government in 2019. By applying Morland's framework of demographic engineering, the study identifies how India accelerated the forced integration of J&K into the Indian Union by removing its special status to gain control over economic and investment opportunities, implementing changes to electoral boundaries, the development of military settler colonies and the issuing of domicile certificates.

AB - This article adds to academic literature interested in two core questions: What happens to residents as a result of an annexation? And how do aggressor states maintain control over an annexed territory where there is a history of insurgency and mobilization for independence? It does so through a qualitative study exploring both civilian accounts and legal amendments made in the immediate aftermath of the forced removal of Jammu and Kashmir's (J&K) special autonomous status by the Indian government in 2019. By applying Morland's framework of demographic engineering, the study identifies how India accelerated the forced integration of J&K into the Indian Union by removing its special status to gain control over economic and investment opportunities, implementing changes to electoral boundaries, the development of military settler colonies and the issuing of domicile certificates.

KW - Hindu nationalism

KW - demographic engineering

KW - ethnic conflict

KW - religious minorities

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105007248038

U2 - 10.1111/nana.13140

DO - 10.1111/nana.13140

M3 - Article

SN - 1354-5078

VL - (In-Press)

SP - (In-Press)

JO - Nations and Nationalism

JF - Nations and Nationalism

ER -

A Forced Union: Exploring the Consequences of India’s Removal of Jammu and Kashmir’s Special Status

Abstract

Bibliographical note

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this