A Fast and Parametric Torque Distribution Strategy for Four-Wheel-Drive Energy-Efficient Electric Vehicles

Arash Moradinegade Dizqah; B. Lenzo; A. Sorniotti; P. Gruber; S. Fallah; J. De Smet

doi:10.1109/TIE.2016.2540584

A Fast and Parametric Torque Distribution Strategy for Four-Wheel-Drive Energy-Efficient Electric Vehicles

Arash Moradinegade Dizqah, B. Lenzo, A. Sorniotti, P. Gruber, S. Fallah, J. De Smet

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

146 Citations (Scopus)

136 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Electric vehicles with four individually controlled drivetrains are over-actuated systems and therefore the total wheel torque and yaw moment demands can be realized through an infinite number of feasible wheel torque combinations. Hence, the energy-efficient torque distribution among the four drivetrains is crucial for reducing the drivetrain power losses and extending driving range. In this paper, the reference torque distribution is formulated as the solution of a parametric optimization problem, depending on vehicle speed. An analytical solution is provided for the case of equal drivetrains on the front and rear axles, under the experimentally confirmed hypothesis that the drivetrain power losses are monotonically increasing with the torque demand. The easily implementable and computationally fast wheel torque distribution algorithm is validated by simulations and experiments on an electric vehicle demonstrator, along driving cycles and cornering maneuvers. The results show considerable energy savings compared to alternative torque distribution strategies.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	4367 - 4376
Number of pages	10
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
Volume	63
Issue number	7
Early online date	10 Mar 2016
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2016.2540584
Publication status	Published - Jul 2016

Bibliographical note

Published under Gold Open Access

Sponsored by IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

(c) 2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.

Keywords

Electric vehicle
torque distribution
control allocation
power loss
experiments

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10.1109/TIE.2016.2540584

07430272Accepted author manuscript, 1.18 MB

Cite this

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title = "A Fast and Parametric Torque Distribution Strategy for Four-Wheel-Drive Energy-Efficient Electric Vehicles",

abstract = "Electric vehicles with four individually controlled drivetrains are over-actuated systems and therefore the total wheel torque and yaw moment demands can be realized through an infinite number of feasible wheel torque combinations. Hence, the energy-efficient torque distribution among the four drivetrains is crucial for reducing the drivetrain power losses and extending driving range. In this paper, the reference torque distribution is formulated as the solution of a parametric optimization problem, depending on vehicle speed. An analytical solution is provided for the case of equal drivetrains on the front and rear axles, under the experimentally confirmed hypothesis that the drivetrain power losses are monotonically increasing with the torque demand. The easily implementable and computationally fast wheel torque distribution algorithm is validated by simulations and experiments on an electric vehicle demonstrator, along driving cycles and cornering maneuvers. The results show considerable energy savings compared to alternative torque distribution strategies. ",

keywords = "Electric vehicle, torque distribution, control allocation, power loss, experiments",

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note = "Published under Gold Open Access Sponsored by IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (c) 2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.",

year = "2016",

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AU - Moradinegade Dizqah, Arash

AU - Lenzo, B.

AU - Sorniotti, A.

AU - Gruber, P.

AU - Fallah, S.

AU - De Smet, J.

N1 - Published under Gold Open Access Sponsored by IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (c) 2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.

PY - 2016/7

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N2 - Electric vehicles with four individually controlled drivetrains are over-actuated systems and therefore the total wheel torque and yaw moment demands can be realized through an infinite number of feasible wheel torque combinations. Hence, the energy-efficient torque distribution among the four drivetrains is crucial for reducing the drivetrain power losses and extending driving range. In this paper, the reference torque distribution is formulated as the solution of a parametric optimization problem, depending on vehicle speed. An analytical solution is provided for the case of equal drivetrains on the front and rear axles, under the experimentally confirmed hypothesis that the drivetrain power losses are monotonically increasing with the torque demand. The easily implementable and computationally fast wheel torque distribution algorithm is validated by simulations and experiments on an electric vehicle demonstrator, along driving cycles and cornering maneuvers. The results show considerable energy savings compared to alternative torque distribution strategies.

AB - Electric vehicles with four individually controlled drivetrains are over-actuated systems and therefore the total wheel torque and yaw moment demands can be realized through an infinite number of feasible wheel torque combinations. Hence, the energy-efficient torque distribution among the four drivetrains is crucial for reducing the drivetrain power losses and extending driving range. In this paper, the reference torque distribution is formulated as the solution of a parametric optimization problem, depending on vehicle speed. An analytical solution is provided for the case of equal drivetrains on the front and rear axles, under the experimentally confirmed hypothesis that the drivetrain power losses are monotonically increasing with the torque demand. The easily implementable and computationally fast wheel torque distribution algorithm is validated by simulations and experiments on an electric vehicle demonstrator, along driving cycles and cornering maneuvers. The results show considerable energy savings compared to alternative torque distribution strategies.

KW - Electric vehicle

KW - torque distribution

KW - control allocation

KW - power loss

KW - experiments

U2 - 10.1109/TIE.2016.2540584

DO - 10.1109/TIE.2016.2540584

M3 - Article

VL - 63

SP - 4367

EP - 4376

JO - IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics

JF - IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics

IS - 7

ER -

A Fast and Parametric Torque Distribution Strategy for Four-Wheel-Drive Energy-Efficient Electric Vehicles

Abstract

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Keywords

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