A comprehensive review on inconsistency and equalization technology of lithium‐ion battery for electric vehicles

Yang Hua, Sida Zhou, Haigang Cui, Xinhua Liu, Cheng Zhang, Xingwu Xu, Heping Ling, Shichun Yang

    Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

    101 Citations (Scopus)
    611 Downloads (Pure)

    Abstract

    The rapid growth of transportation demand has been enlarged strongly which has promoted electric vehicles powered by lithium‐ion batteries. However, the inconsistencies within the battery pack will deteriorate over the lifecycle and affect the performance of electric vehicles. Therefore, various thermal management systems and equalization systems have been applied in battery management system to deal with the inconsistencies, extend battery service life, and improve safety performance. This review summarizes the origination of inconsistency within lithium‐ion batteries from production to usage process, and then introduces the classification methods and application scenarios of the balance management system in detail. Based on the circuit topology, equalization systems can be classified into passive and active topologies. Active topologies are widely researched due to the advantages of high equalization efficiency and high speed, and the state‐of‐art innovations are presented and compared from the prospective of circuit, energy flow, efficiency and system complexity. In addition, this review focuses on the mainstream equalization strategies based on the analysis of balancing variables and control algorithms in terms of efficiency, complexity and stability, especially in the areas of variables optimal selection and advanced control algorithms. It is expected that innovations such as cloud control methods and hybrid balancing systems equipped with thermal management will become the future direction of lithium‐ion equalization technologies.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)11059-11087
    Number of pages29
    JournalInternational Journal of Energy Research
    Volume44
    Issue number14
    Early online date26 Jul 2020
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 1 Nov 2020

    Bibliographical note

    This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Hua, Y, Zhou, S, Cui, H, Liu, X, Zhang, C, Xu, X, Ling, H & Yang, S 2020, 'A comprehensive review on inconsistency and equalization technology of lithium‐ion battery for electric vehicles', International Journal of Energy Research, vol. 44, no. 14, pp. 11059-11087., which has been published in final form at https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.5683 This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.

    Funder

    National Key Research and Development Program of China, Grant/Award Number: 2016YFB0100300; National Nature Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Number: U1864213

    Keywords

    • Li-ion battery
    • cell imbalance
    • electric vehicles
    • equalization control

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
    • Nuclear Energy and Engineering
    • Fuel Technology
    • Energy Engineering and Power Technology

    Fingerprint

    Dive into the research topics of 'A comprehensive review on inconsistency and equalization technology of lithium‐ion battery for electric vehicles'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

    Cite this