European Doctorate (European PhD or Doctor Europaeus/Europaea).
The four criteria proposed by the Confederation of EU Rectors' Conference (now
EUA) are quoted below and underpin the European Doctorate, which is based
on agreement between the institutions involved:
1. The PhD thesis defence will be accorded if at least two professors from
two higher education institutions of two European countries, other than the one
where the thesis is defended, have given their review of the manuscript;
2. At least one member of the jury should come from a higher education
institution in another European country, other than the one, where the thesis is
defended;
3. A part of the defence must take place in one of the official languages, other
than the one(s) of the country, where the thesis is defended;
4. The thesis must partly have been prepared as a result of a research period
of at least one trimester spent in another European Country.”